PLANNING AND OPTIMIZATION OF PARKING INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CITY OF NAMANGAN IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING THE NUMBER OF CARS

ABSTRACT

This article examines the problem of parking due to the increasing number of cars in the city of Namangan. The main goal of the research is to scientifically plan the necessary infrastructure for car storage in the city and develop proposals to eliminate the existing shortage of space. The article uses methods of statistical analysis, territorial mapping. Based on the analysis, it was found that the need for parking is high in the central and densely populated areas of the city. Recommendations were given on the construction of multi-story parking lots, the introduction of the "Park & Ride" system, and increasing efficiency through digital management tools.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье рассматривается проблема парковки в связи с увеличением количества автомобилей в городе Наманган. Основная цель исследования - научное планирование необходимой инфраструктуры для хранения автомобилей в городе и разработка предложений по устранению существующей нехватки пространства. В статье используются методы статистического анализа, территориального картирования. На основании анализа было установлено, что потребность в парковках высока в центральных и густонаселенных районах города. Были даны рекомендации по строительству многоэтажных парковок, внедрению системы "Park & Ride" и повышению эффективности за счет цифровых инструментов управления.

Keywords: parking, transport infrastructure, traffic, urban planning, planning, car storage, multi-story parking, "Park & Ride," environmental sustainability, digital management.

Ключевые слова: парковка, транспортная инфраструктура, дорожное движение, городское планирование, планировка, хранение автомобилей, многоэтажные парковки, "Park & Ride, экологическая устойчивость, цифровое управление.

Introduction.

In the city of Namangan, the need for parking lots for cars is a pressing issue, which is becoming problematic as the number of vehicles in this area increases.

In recent years, the number of cars in the city of Namangan has increased dramatically. As the standard of living of the population increases, the status of each family owning a personal vehicle is expanding. However, along with the increase in the number of car owners, the city's infrastructure - in particular, the parking system - is not developing in accordance with this change. And this is:

• traffic jams on central streets;

• increase in the number of incorrect stops at points of sale and service;

• violation of pedestrian safety;

• and a decrease in the quality of life of the population.

Also, parking spaces in newly constructed multi-story buildings are insufficient or not provided at all. As a result, hundreds of drivers face the problem of finding parking every day. To overcome this situation, modern approaches, comprehensive planning, and innovative solutions are necessary.

The key aspects of this need are analyzed below:

- Urbanization level of Namangan city;

- The population is growing - Namangan region is one of the most densely populated regions in our country.

- The construction of new residential areas and multi-story buildings has intensified.

- In parallel, the number of car owners is also increasing.

Justification of the relevance of the topic:

Namangan region occupies one of the leading places in the republic in terms of population density. According to statistics, the number of cars registered in Namangan is increasing by tens of thousands every year. However, in proportion to this growth, the parking infrastructure in the city is not developing sufficiently.

This creates the following pressing problems:

• traffic on central streets and residential areas;

• drivers are forced to stop in unauthorized places;

• violation of road safety;

• dissatisfaction of the population and a decline in the quality of life.

1. Theoretical and practical significance of parking lots for car storage in the city of Namangan

1.1 Theoretical analysis of parking lots in Namangan

According to the "List of Parking lots in Uzbekistan," which analyzes statistical data, the number of parking spaces in the regions is presented in the following table (Table 1):

Table 1.

Statistics

Analysis: Although the population of Namangan region is larger compared to Fergana, the number of parking facilities is significantly smaller - this reflects the lack of parking infrastructure in the region[1-3].

Some existing parking spaces within the city

Addresses of some existing central parking lots in Namangan:

• Parking in the vicinity of the markets (in the vicinity of the market)

• Parking in front of the Green Farmers Market (Green Market)

• Parking in front of other entertainment venues (central area)

Although these three objects cover some parks in the city center, they are not numerically sufficient.

The trend of increasing demand for transport and parking in the city of Namangan

According to the analysis of the Statistics Agency, in 2016-2021:

- Population +27%

- Vehicles - +155% (i.e., with an additional 43,000 vehicles) [9].

This indicates that the number of cars has increased at a much higher rate than the population - which means an exponential increase in parking needs.

1.2 Foreign experience in parking arrangements and mobile applications

In recent years, as the process of urbanization intensifies worldwide, the number of cars is also increasing. This puts a lot of pressure on the city's infrastructure, in particular, the parking system. Developed countries are trying to solve this problem with the help of modern technologies, digital solutions, and smart city concepts. Below are the best foreign practices used in the placement and management of parking lots[4-5].

Smart Parking Systems

In Germany, smart parking systems have been widely implemented in many large cities, especially in Berlin, Munich, and Frankfurt. These systems consist of the following elements:

• Sensors installed underground are used to determine whether each parking space is occupied or empty.

• Sensors provide real-time information to drivers through a mobile application or electronic signs.

• Through such applications as Park Here, Parkopedia, the nearest available space is indicated, the space is booked in advance, and payment is made online.

Result: traffic congestion decreased by 20-25%, environmental damage also decreased with a reduction in stopping time.

The "Unified City Parking" project, using Kazan as an example.

The "Unified City Parking" project, being implemented in the city of Kazan, pursues the following main goals:

• Reduction of chaotic bus stops on the streets.

• Creating convenience for pedestrians, cyclists, and public transport.

• Optimization of traffic flow and reduction of CO2 emissions.

• Support for public transport and bicycles.

• Improvement of the environmental situation.

• Creation of conditions for the creation of pedestrian and bicycle paths.

The organization "City Parking Organization" is responsible for managing this system, which monitors the payment system, the installation of markings and information boards, as well as compliance with the rules[6-8].

Figure 1. Location of a smart parking lot in Kazan

The smart parking system in the city of Kazan includes the following technological adhesives:

- Through the "Qozon Parking" mobile application, users can find available spaces nearby, make payments, and monitor the condition of the parking lot.

- Payments in parking lots are made via SMS, a mobile application, or a payment terminal.

- Traffic monitoring and forecasting are carried out using AI.

The mobile application "Qozon Parking" provides users with the following capabilities:

- Finding available spaces nearby.

- Payments and viewing history.

- Monitoring the condition of the parking lot.

- Receive alerts and notifications.

Figure 2. Mobile application "Qozon Parking"

The smart parking system implemented in Kazan is one of the bright examples of modern urbanization and the development of digital infrastructure. This system not only makes it easier for drivers to find parking, but also serves to regulate the urban environment, reduce traffic congestion, and ensure environmental sustainability. Parking lots are being effectively managed with the help of surveillance cameras, sensors, mobile applications, and automated payment systems. Also, convenient services for drivers (for example, real-time indication of empty seats, remote payment) further increase the importance of this system (Ris. 2).

If the Kazan experience is applied in the example of the streets of the city of Namangan, smart parking systems will play an important role in the effective implementation of urban transport policy and the formation of smart infrastructure for the cities of the future. Similar projects can be implemented in other large cities, thereby creating a favorable environment for drivers and increasing management efficiency for cities.

Results

As a result of the research conducted, the following key findings were established:

-critical imbalance between vehicle growth and parking infrastructure;

-insufficient parking capacity compared to population;

-high parking demand in central and high-density residential areas;

-smart parking solutions from international experience show proven success;

-mathematical estimation confirms urgent need;

-recommendations supported by analysis;

-urban planning implications.

The results the importance of integrating parking infrastructure planning into broader urban development strategies. Failure to do so may lead to worsening traffic conditions and reduced quality of urban life.

2. Methods.

In this study, a scientific and analytical approach to the planning of parking lots for car storage in the city of Namangan was applied. The research was carried out on the basis of the following main methods:

- Statistical analysis method. Statistical data on the number of cars in the city of Namangan, population density, the number and location of existing parking lots were collected and analyzed. This information was obtained from the city administration, the transport department, and other official sources.

- Cartographic analysis (map analysis). Based on the existing planning documentation of the city, a map of the location of parking lots in the central and densely populated areas was compiled. Favorable and unfavorable zones have been identified, and promising areas have been identified [4].

- Monitoring and observation. The condition and level of use of parking lots in the city center and densely populated areas at different times (morning, lunch, and evening) were studied.

The following formula was used to determine the number of parking spaces (1):

                                                          (1)

Here:

N_p - required number of parking spaces (units);

N_a - number of cars (units);

K_s - average daily number of stops of vehicles in motion;

K_z - frequency of use of one parking space during the day (turnover coefficient).

The daily number of vehicles in the central area of Namangan is 12,000. Each car stops at a parking lot on average twice a day. One place is used on average 4 times a day[5].

 places needed.

Based on these methods, the current state of urban infrastructure was assessed, and proposals and recommendations for effective parking planning were developed.

Suggested solutions

The sharp increase in the number of vehicles in the city of Namangan puts a lot of pressure on the existing parking infrastructure. Based on the analysis, foreign experience, and real problems on the ground, the following comprehensive solutions are recommended [3]:

- Planning of regional parking spaces;

- Construction of multi-story (vertical) parking lots;

- Implementation of a paid parking system;

- Implementation of mobile applications and smart technologies;

- Creation of "Park-and-Ride" zones.

Conclusion.

The increase in the number of cars in the city of Namangan makes the problem of parking even more urgent. To solve this problem, scientifically based, environmentally and economically acceptable planning solutions are necessary. Through effective planning of the city's infrastructure, it will be possible to ensure the convenience of car traffic, the level of safety, and environmental sustainability. Taking into account the increase in the number of cars in the future, it is necessary to form a parking system based on long-term strategic plans.

References:

1. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining “Aholiga transport xizmati ko‘rsatish hamda shaharlar va qishloqlarda avtobuslarda yo‘lovchilar tashish tizimini yanada takomillashtirish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida”gi PQ-2724-sonli qarori 2017-yil 10-yanvar.
2. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasining “Yo‘lovchilarni avtobusda tashish xavfsizligini ta’minlashga doir qo‘shimcha chora-tadbirlar to‘g‘risida” gi 2019-yil 22-maydagi 424-sonli qarori.
3. Sarvar, I., Abdujalil, P., Temurmalik, A., & Jahongir, K. (2021). Оperating conditions of trucks and the safety of the transport process. Universum: технические науки, (6-5 (87)), 42-45.
4. Ministry of Construction of the Republic of Uzbekistan. "Urban Planning Norms and Rules (SHNQ 2.07.01-03): Settlements," Tashkent, 2022.
5. Ministry of Transport of the Republic of Uzbekistan. "Concept for the Development of Road Transport Infrastructure - 2030," Tashkent, 2021.
6. Rizaev, S., & Jo'rayev, B. "Modern Methods of Parking Planning in the Urban Transport System," Scientific Journal of Transport and Communications, No. 4, 2022, pp. 45-51.
7. Karimov, A. "Urbanization and Urban Transport System: Problems and Solutions," Tashkent: Economics Publishing House, 2020.
8. Sarvar, I., & Zokirxon, M. (2021). Road transportation accidents with participation pedestrians. Universum: технические науки, (5-6 (86)), 62-65.
9. Электронный ресурс https://namstat.uz/uz/