INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MODERN FLAME-RETARDANT POLYVINYL CHLORIDE COMPOSITES

ABSTRACT

In the practical experiments of this study, metal was introduce into its macromolecule to increase the fire resistance of polyvinyl chloride. The infrared spectrum of the resulting composition and the parameters of the electron-scanning microscope, as well as the basic physico-chemical properties were also studied.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В практических экспериментах этого исследования металл был введен в его макромолекулу, чтобы повысить огнестойкость поливинилхлорида. Также были изучены инфракрасный спектр полученной композиции и показатели электронного сканирующего микроскопа, а также основные физико-химические свойства.

Keywords: polyvinyl chloride composition, flame resistant, infrared spectrum, electron-scan microscope.

Ключевые слова: композиция из поливинилхлорида, огнестойкая, инфракрасный спектр, электронно-сканирующий микроскоп.

Introduction. Analysis of the global polyvinyl chloride market shows that the volume of consumption of polyvinyl chloride has been growing sharply in recent years. According to experts in this field, the consumption of about 70% of the produced polyvinyl chloride material corresponds to the needs of the construction industry. The volume of polymer consumption in question is directly related to the development of the construction industry [1] (fig. 1).

Figure 1. Production of polyvinyl chloride in the world (million tons)

It was believed that 9% of the world's polyvinyl chloride production would be use for the production of coatings for cables and wires. In recent years, important studies have been conduct to further improve the fire-resistant properties of this polymer coating [2].

Methods and materials.

Laboratory experiments were conduct to increase the fire resistance of polyvinyl chloride. During the control experiments, 100 g of ammonium polyphosphate per 250 ml glass was heat to a temperature of 150-220 °C, to a pH value of 4-5. During the experiment, 2 g of aluminum oxide was mix in a wet state. The result was aluminium-stored compounds of polyphosphate ammonium.

A practical experiment aimed at obtaining this flame retardant was carry out under various conditions. The influence of temperature, the ratio of components and time, as well as the use of a catalyst on the formation of an oligomer flame retardant containing metal was determined.

Results and discussion. IQ spectrum indicators were analyzed in order to study the composition of the polyvinyl chloride composition (fig. 2).

Figure 2. Infrared spectrum indicators of polyvinyl chloride composition, in which the metal was stored

In the course of practical experiments, the main physico-chemical parameters of the resulting fire-resistant polyvinyl chloride composition were studied. According to the results, the main indicators of the composition indicate the presence of fire-fighting properties (table 2).

Table 2.

Physico-chemical description of the composition of polyvinyl chloride, which contains aluminum

In the course of studies, the appearance of a scanning electron microscope of fire-resistant polyvinyl chloride composition was studied. According to these indicators, it was found that there is an even layer between the polymers. This layer ensures that the material improves mechanical properties (fig. 3).

Figure 3. Scanning electron microscope view of flame-resistant polyvinyl chloride composite

Thus, in this research paper, methods of increasing the fire resistance of polyvinyl chloride were studied. In the course of practical experiments, a practical and theoretical increase in the fire resistance of a seal obtained by introducing metal into a polyvinyl chloride macromolecule was considered. In subsequent studies, it is necessary to study the fire resistance of this composition in accordance with the requirements of the current GOST.

References:

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