COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PREMIUM-CLASS FORMULATIONS: PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILES AND CLINICAL EFFICACY

ABSTRACT

Premium-class aesthetic formulations represent a rapidly developing direction in modern cosmetology, combining pharmacological precision, advanced biochemical design, and clinical efficiency. The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of premium-class products based on their pharmacological profiles, molecular delivery systems, and clinical performance indicators. The study identifies three key pharmacological categories of high-end formulations—peptide-based, amino acid–hyaluronic, and antioxidant–enzyme systems—and compares their mechanisms of action and outcomes. The results emphasize the importance of molecular stability, biocompatibility, and precision targeting for achieving long-term skin regeneration with minimal inflammation.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Премиальные эстетические препараты представляют собой динамично развивающееся направление современной косметологии, объединяющее фармакологическую точность, передовой биохимический дизайн и высокую клиническую результативность. Цель данной статьи — провести сравнительный анализ препаратов премиум-класса на основе их фармакологических профилей, молекулярных систем и показателей клинического действия. В ходе исследования выделены три ключевые фармакологические категории высококлассных формул — пептидные, аминокислотно-гиалуроновые и антиоксидантно-ферментативные системы — и выполнено сравнение их механизмов действия и клинических эффектов. Результаты подчеркивают важность молекулярной стабильности, биосовместимости и точечного воздействия для достижения длительной регенерации кожи при минимальном уровне воспаления.

Keywords: pharmacology, biochemistry, premium formulations, peptides, hyaluronic acid, antioxidants, clinical efficacy, aesthetic medicine

Ключевые слова: фармакология, биохимия, премиальные формулы, пептиды, гиалуроновая кислота, антиоксиданты, клиническая эффективность, эстетическая медицина

Introduction. The evolution of aesthetic pharmacology over the past decade has transformed skin treatment from a purely cosmetic practice into a scientifically grounded field. Modern premium-class formulations go beyond surface improvement; they interact with cellular signaling, modulate biochemical pathways, and initiate regeneration at the molecular level. Their pharmacological efficacy depends not only on the composition of active ingredients but also on the technology of molecular encapsulation, stability, and delivery to target skin layers.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the biochemical and pharmacological principles underlying these formulations and to compare the three main categories of premium-class products used in professional aesthetic practice.

Materials and methods. This review is based on recent publications in dermatologic pharmacology, biochemistry, and aesthetic medicine, analyzing more than 30 peer-reviewed studies from 2018–2024. The selected works focused on non-branded formulations with standardized concentrations of peptides, amino acid complexes, and enzymatic antioxidants. Comparative parameters included penetration depth, fibroblast activity, collagen synthesis rate, hydration index, and patient satisfaction metrics.

Comparative analysis. According to pharmacological characteristics, premium-class formulations can be divided into three main biochemical categories:

1. Peptide-based complexes.

These formulas utilize bioactive oligopeptides that interact with membrane receptors, stimulating fibroblast activity and enhancing synthesis of collagen types I and III. They are notable for targeted receptor binding and controlled release kinetics, resulting in rapid visible rejuvenation (improvement of elasticity up to 25% after four weeks).

2. Amino acid–hyaluronic matrices.

These systems act as hybrid molecular networks, combining low-molecular hyaluronic acid with amino acid buffers. They enhance hydration and dermal density through osmotic balance and long-term moisture retention. Their biochemical profile demonstrates high safety, optimal rheological behavior, and cumulative effect, especially in dehydrated or photoaged skin.

3. Antioxidant–enzyme formulations.

Designed to counteract oxidative stress, these complexes contain enzymatic cofactors and natural antioxidants. Their main mechanism lies in regulating cellular redox balance and improving mitochondrial function, leading to even skin tone and improved microcirculation. Although visual effects develop more slowly, they provide a sustained anti-glycation and detoxifying effect at the cellular level.

Comparative analysis reveals that peptide-based systems are most effective for visible rejuvenation and skin firmness; amino acid–hyaluronic matrices deliver long-term hydration and density improvement; while antioxidant–enzyme formulations contribute to deep cellular recovery and prevention of structural aging [2, p. 48].

DISCUSSION

The pharmacological superiority of premium-class formulations lies in their biocompatible carriers, molecular stabilization, and targeted delivery. The use of nanoliposomes, microemulsions, and bioidentical polysaccharide matrices allows for controlled diffusion through the epidermal barrier without causing inflammation or trauma.

From a biochemical perspective, the therapeutic action depends on maintaining cellular homeostasis and avoiding excessive stimulation that can disrupt the skin barrier. For example, peptide vectors act as signaling modulators rather than stimulants, ensuring physiological activation of fibroblasts. Similarly, hyaluronic-acid–based systems serve not only as fillers but as dynamic biochemical platforms influencing the extracellular matrix.

Clinically, these properties result in sustained dermal remodeling, improved elasticity, hydration, and glow, with fewer side effects compared to traditional aggressive techniques. The integration of such formulations into professional aesthetic protocols enhances treatment tolerance and extends post-procedure results, supporting the concept of functional skin therapy—a union of pharmacology, biochemistry, and cosmetology.

Conclusion. Premium-class formulations represent a new stage in the evolution of aesthetic pharmacology, combining scientific precision with clinical results. Comparative analysis of peptide, amino acid–hyaluronic, and antioxidant–enzyme systems demonstrates that their synergy can ensure comprehensive skin regeneration and aging prevention.

Further research should focus on personalized pharmacocosmetic protocols, where product selection and dosage are guided by genetic, metabolic, and microbiome profiling of each patient. Such an approach will establish the foundation for next-generation aesthetic pharmacology—precise, predictable, and biologically adaptive.

References:

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5. Chen Y., Wu J. Biochemical Advances in Non-Invasive Aesthetic Therapies. International Journal of Dermatological Pharmacology, 2023. — 45(2): 112–123.