QUANTITY OF NUTRIENTS IN THE ROOT AND ROOT REMAINS OF REPEAT CROPS

ABSTRACT

This article calculates the nutrients contained in the root crops of secondary crops, including mung bean, soybean, millet and corn, grown after wheat on the territory of Uzbekistan.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье произведен расчет питательных веществ, содержащихся в корнеплодах повторных культур в том числе маша, сои, проса и кукурузы, выращиваемых после пшеницы на территории Узбекистана.

Keywords: nutrients, re-seeding, root system, number of seedlings, planting rate.

Ключевые слова: питательные вещества, повторные посевы, корневая система, количество всходов, норма посадки.

The results of several scientific studies show that each crop absorbs a certain amount of nutrients from the soil. Of course, it directly depends on several factors, such as the type and variety of crops and their growing climate, as well as the agrotechnical measures applied to them, including feeding and watering. If the above-mentioned factors are kept in an optimal order, to get high and quality products from the crops.

In addition, the amounts of root and root residues remaining from crops and their content of nutrients are acceptable and have an effect on increasing the level of soil fertility (Kholikov). That's why in our research, we analyzed the root and shoot remains after each crop, in order to determine the amount of nutrients in them (Table 1).

Table 1.

The amount of nutrients in the roots and shoots depending on the planting standards of repeated crops, % (three-year average).

The data obtained in the first year of research show that, among the crops, the amount of nutrients in the root and root residues of the mung bean crop is characterized by the high amount compared to other crops, but we can see in Table 1 that the ratio of these amounts is definitely related to the thickness of their seedlings. That is, with the increase in the thickness of the mosh crop seedlings, the amount of NPK in the roots and shoots remaining in the soil also increases. In this case, their optimal ratio is relatively high in option 3, where 100,000 bushes per hectare are kept, and the root content is N-1.452%, P-0.922%, and K- 1.135%, while in the root content these indicators are 1.239 in proportion to NPK substances; It was 0.332 and 1.685 percent.

Planting thickness of 120,000 bushes per hectare is close to 3 options in 4 options, that is, N -1.429 percent, P- 0.917 percent and K-1.133 percent in root content, N -1.230 in root content; R-0.321 and K-1.679 percent. In this case, the lowest indicators were recorded in options 1 and 2, where 60 and 80 thousand bushes per hectare were kept (in root content N-1,399 and 1,419; P- 0,872 and 0,882; K-1,057 and 1,115 percent, in root composition N-1,192 and 1,229; P- 0.288 and 0.323; K-1.584 and 1.640 percent).

The data obtained in the experiment confirmed the high content of nutrients in the root and stem of the soybean crop. However, it was found that the amount of nutrients remaining in the roots and roots of the varieties planted with this crop is directly related to the thickness of their seedlings. That is, in option 15, where the planting thickness of soybean is 260,000 bushes per hectare, the highest amounts of NPK in the root and shoot contents are in the root content (N -1.263; P- 0.375; K-0.604 percent) and in the shoot content (N -0.469; P- 0.221) ; K-0.752 percent), the lowest amounts are in 13 variants with a seedling thickness of 180 thousand/ha of the experiment (N -1.219; P- 0.328; K-0.560 percent in root content, N -0.430; P- 0.188; K-0.712 percent in shoot content) percent) was observed.

In all years of our research, the data confirmed that millet is second only to corn in terms of the amount of root and stem mass remaining from the crop. However, it should be emphasized that the amount of nutrients in the roots and tubers remaining from this crop is much lower than that of mung bean and soybean crops (Table 1).

Although the seedling thickness had an effect on the changes in nutrients in the roots and shoots in these crop options, there was a sharp difference between the seedling thickness of 2.5 million and 3.0 million shoots (N -0.008; P- 0.005; K-0.004 percent in root content , N -0.003; P- 0.001; K-0.001 percent) was not observed.

The lowest parameters of the root and root content are observed in 9 variants of the experiment, where the seedling thickness of 1.5 mln/ha is kept, and the root content is N-0.353; P-0.122; K-0.185 percent, N-0.184 in the composition; P-0.113; K-0.132 percent. However, the information obtained in the corn-planted options is slightly different. In particular, when analyzing the contents of roots and shoots remaining in option 7, where the planting thickness of corn was 80 thousand bushels per hectare, it was confirmed that the highest amount of NPK is in this option. That is, N -0.54 in their root composition; P-0.25; K-0.35 percent, and N -0.24 in the composition of angiz; P-0.15; K was 0.14 percent. In the results of the analysis obtained in the variant with a planting thickness of 60,000 bushes per hectare, the lowest amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were recorded, and this indicator is also a big difference compared to the rest of the crops (in the root content, N-0.45; P-0.17; K-0.23 percent, N-0.15; P-0.7; K-0.7 percent)

In general, it has been confirmed once again that a certain amount of nutrients return to the soil in the form of organic residues due to the roots and stems remaining from them as a result of planting mush, soybeans, millet and corn crops as a repeat crop after winter wheat. In this case, first of all, along with the correct selection of crops, maintaining the optimal standards of their seedling thickness will serve to increase soil fertility. This will automatically ensure that other types of agricultural crops are planted in the fields where these crops were planted the following year, and their growth and productivity will increase.

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