BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MEDICINAL PLANT AMARANTH AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY

ABSTRACT

This article presents scientific information about the biological properties of seeds, leaves, stems and flowers of the introduced medicinal plant amaranth, as well as the use of products derived from this plant in the food industry and medicine.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье представлены научные сведения о биологических свойствах семян, листьев, стеблей и цветков интродуцированного лекарственного растения амаранта, а также о применении продуктов, полученных из этого растения, в пищевой промышленности и медицине.

Keywords: amaranth plant, leaf, stem, flower, amaranth oil, amaranth flour, medicinal properties.

Ключевые слова: амарантовое растение, лист, стебель, цветок, амарантовое масло, амарантовая мука, лечебные свойства.

The original homeland of amaranth is South America, and it is known from history that the local population used it as a cultivated plant 8 thousand years ago [1].

The word amaranth is derived from the Old Russian Slavic words "mara (amrita) - death" and "a - denial" and means "denial of death" or "eternity". In Greek, "amaranthos" is formed by adding the prefix "a - negation" and the words "maraino - wither" and "anthos - flower", which literally means "a flower that does not fade" (dried amaranth retains its shape for 3-4 months). In ancient Slavic medicine, amaranth was used as a rejuvenating agent. The peoples of Central America - the Incas and Aztecs, the ancient Etruscans and Hellenes also considered it a sign of eternal life [2].

Grain flour is 40-50 times more expensive than wheat flour on the world market. Add a small amount of amaranth flour to get delicious and healthy bread products. These products are the solution to a number of problems, such as boosting immunity and eliminating anemia. The grain of amaranth contains 13-17 percent protein, which is higher than that of all other cereals [3].

It is known that flour and leaves from amaranth grain are of high quality and useful nutritional value, amaranth oil is rich in iron, phosphorus, potassium, a group of vitamins B1, B2, E and D, phospholipids, phytosterols.

Amaranth is a healthy food for pets and poultry. When 30% of the mass of amaranth blue is added to their compound feed, lambs and calves grow 1.5-2 times faster, nutria and rabbits 2-3 times faster, milk yield and fat content of cows increase sharply. The high level of vitamin C and carotene in amaranth is an important factor in the health of animals and birds [4].

The protein of amaranth grain is 2-3 times higher than wheat and corn in the content of amino acids and lysine [5]. According to its biochemical composition, amaranth is a valuable plant for obtaining high-quality feed. Figure 1.

Figure 1. Amaranth seeds according to their biochemical composition

Amaranth oil in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in medicine; cleansing the body of radionuclides, salts of heavy metals; infectious diseases, herpes, psoriasis, vitiligo, neurodermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal ulcer, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, genitourinary colds, atherosclerosis, anemia, vitamin deficiency, angina pectoris, hypertension, oncological and cardiovascular diseases are widely used when solving problems. Dramatically improves immunity, is an unsurpassed remedy in the fight against anemia [6].

It would not be wrong to say that the discovery of the presence of squalene in amaranth oil is one of the most important discoveries of our time [7]. This substance, which is of particular importance in medicine, was first isolated in 1906 by the Japanese scientist Mitsumaro Sujimoto from the liver of a shark that lives at the bottom of the sea. It turns out that sharks need squalene to survive in hypoxic conditions (an environment with very low oxygen content) deep enough in the sea. Amaranth oil in the biosynthesis of cholesterol in medicine; cleansing the body of radionuclides, salts of heavy metals; infectious diseases, herpes, psoriasis, vitiligo, neurodermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal ulcer, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, genitourinary colds, atherosclerosis, anemia, vitamin deficiency, angina pectoris, hypertension, oncological and cardiovascular diseases are widely used when solving problems. Dramatically improves immunity, is an unsurpassed remedy in the fight against anemia.

Amaranth leaf is used as a tea and food for its anti-anemic and immune-boosting properties. If we make a cucumber from a grain and eat it with a little honey, we will get rid of many diseases. It is possible to export this product as a medicinal product in special packaging. If bread is prepared by mixing it with ordinary wheat flour in an amount of 1/10, it takes on a healthy appearance and does not go stale for a long time.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the body, leaves and grain of the amaranth plant are used as a valuable feed in animal husbandry. In addition, amaranth oil is widely used for diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, genitourinary colds, atherosclerosis, anemia, beriberi, tonsillitis, hypertension, and also as a tool that dramatically increases immunity, ensures rapid and prosperous growth of calves and chickens, and dramatically increases the process of fattening animals. , increases the amount of cow's milk and the level of fat in it. Amaranth is well ensiled together with corn, which solves the problem of fodder throughout the year. A large amount of sugar in the pulp of corn and protein in amaranth makes the silage more nutritious.

References:

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