CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF AMARANTH OIL AND ITS BENEFICIAL PROPERTIES

ABSTRACT

Scientific and popular literature sources on the chemical composition and natural medicinal properties of the oil obtained from the medicinal plant amaranth are analyzed, and scientific information on the biological, chemical nature and nutritional properties of the oil of the amaranth plant is given.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье приведены и проанализированы научные и популярные литературные источники о химическом составе и природных лечебных свойствах масла, полученного из лекарственного растения амаранта, а также приведены научные сведения о биологической, химической природе и питательных свойствах масла растения амаранта.

Keywords: amaranth, chemical composition, macroelement, microelement, heavy metals, amaranth oil, squalene, pharmaceuticals.

Ключевые слова: амарант, химический состав, макроэлемент, микроэлемент, тяжелые металлы, амарантовое масло, сквален, фармацевтика.

Amaranth (Amaranthus L) is also one of the plants containing a large amount of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and many other biologically active compounds. [1].

The amaranth plant is grown in many countries around the world. This plant is used as a technical, ornamental, fodder and food product.

Flowers, seeds, stems and leaves of amaranth differ from other related plants in their high nutritional value and richness in trace elements and organic substances.

Amaranth leaves contain pectins, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins (A, C, E), betacyanine pigments, lipids, microelements such as B, K, Ba, Fe, Ni. Also, the protein content in amaranth leaves is up to 15%, most of which are essential proteins [2].

Amaranth seeds contain 28-35% of the essential amino acids of proteins, with a high content of which they contain amino acids such as phenylalanine, lysine, isoleucine and tyrosine. Amaranth seeds contain up to 7.9% lipids, 2.7-4.3% phospholipids, 3.1-6% sterols, 83% triglycerides. The triglycerides in amaranth seeds contain unsaturated and saturated free fatty acids such as myristin, palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. It can be seen that amaranth seeds contain biologically active components, high nutritional value, amaranth oil contains iron, phosphorus, potassium, vitamins B1, B2, groups E and D, phospholipids, phytosterols. Oils are widely used in the food industry, which allows the use of food additives derived from amaranth seeds in the field of functional nutrition.

Amaranth seeds serve as a source of oil and squalene. While the squalene required for the pharmaceutical industry is obtained from the liver of sharks and whales, the high content of these substances in amaranth oil (8%) and the presence of phytosterols and other substances with medicinal properties necessary for human health. It is known to science that after this, attention to amaranth oil increases sharply. Amaranth oil contains 77% unsaturated fatty acids, 50% of which are linoleic and linolenic acids. [3]. Vitamin E in the form of tocopherols in fats has an antioxidant effect, has the ability to lower blood cholesterol levels. The oil also contains rutin and vitamin P, has antimicrobial and fungicidal properties. In our study, amaranth oil was added to salads at the rate of 5 ml daily for 20 days in the diet in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. The results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin in the blood [4]. 

Among the many properties of squalene, it should be noted that it is a derivative of vitamin A, which, during the synthesis of cholesterol, turns into 7-dehydrocholesterol, its biochemical analogue, which, under the action of sunlight, exhibits radioprotective properties and produces vitamin D. In addition, vitamin A is well absorbed when dissolved in squalene. Since squalene is a natural component of the sebaceous glands of the human body, it has the ability to be easily absorbed by the body and accelerates the flow of nutrients into cosmetics. In the human body, squalene is needed as an antitumor, antimicrobial fungicide, and it is the lack of oxygen that causes tissue damage, aging, the formation and growth of tumors. It is squalene that is a necessary remedy as a solution to this problem [5].

Squalene can be used in cosmetics, in the production of steroid hormonal preparations for the prevention of cancer and cardiopulmonary diseases. While the squalene required for the pharmaceutical industry is derived from the liver of sharks and whales, these substances are present in large quantities in amaranth oil (8% in amaranth, 0.7% in olive oil), and this oil has the necessary properties. medicinal properties for human health. When science is aware of the presence of phytosterols and other substances, attention to amaranth oil increases dramatically. Amaranth oil contains more unsaturated fatty acids than saturated fatty acids. Vitamin E in the form of tocopherols in fats has an antioxidant effect, has the ability to lower blood cholesterol levels. The oil also contains rutin and vitamin P, has antimicrobial and fungicidal properties [6].

Currently, amaranth oil is used to treat oncological and cardiovascular problems, coronary disease, cleanse the body of radionuclides, salts of heavy metals, infectious diseases, herpes, psoriasis, vitiligo, neurodermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal ulcers, diabetes mellitus, liver diseases , urogenital inflammation, atherosclerosis, anemia, beriberi, tonsillitis, hypertension, etc., and is widely used as a tool that dramatically increases immunity. Amaranth oil of high quality in vegetable and animal oils is twice as superior to oblepix oil in all respects, and this quality is useful in the complex treatment of radiation sickness.

Amaranth oil in medicine in the biosynthesis of cholesterol; cleansing the body of radionuclides, salts of heavy metals; infectious diseases, herpes, psoriasis, vitiligo, neurodermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal ulcer, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, urinary tract infections, atherosclerosis, anemia, beriberi, tonsillitis, hypertension, oncological and cardiovascular diseases are widely used in problem solving. Dramatically improves immunity, is an unsurpassed remedy in the fight against anemia.

It is also noteworthy that after extracting the oil from the seeds of this plant, the prospect of obtaining pectin from the remaining waste as a high-quality biologically active additive is very high.

References:

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2. Dilshodjon S., Hojiali Q. NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FOOD SUPPLEMENTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE BODY //Universum: технические науки. – 2022. – №. 12-7 (105). – С. 32-35.
3. Шодиев Д. А. У., Курбонов Х. А. Ў. Перспективы использования пищевых добавок в пищевой промышленности //Universum: технические науки. – 2022. – №. 5-7 (98). – С. 24-26.
4. Шодиев Д. А. Значение биологических количеств микроэлементов растениями //Formation Of Psychology And Pedagogy As Interdisciplinary Sciences. – 2022. – Т. 1. – №. 9. – С. 297-301.
5. Шодиев Д. А. У., Расулова У. Н. К. Значение амарантового масла в медицине // Universum: технические науки. – 2022. – №. 1-2 (94). – С. 69-72.
6. Шодиев Д. А., Нажмитдинова Г. К. Пищевые добавки и их значение // Universum: технические науки. – 2021. – №. 10-3 (91). – С. 30-32.