INFLUENCE OF SPRINKLING ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROMISING VARIETIES OF WINTER WHEAT

ABSTRACT

This article describes how the irrigation method affects the growth and development of promising varieties of winter wheat "Grom" and "Nodira" on light gray soils of the Andijan region.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье описано, как способ орошения влияет на рост и развитие перспективных сортов озимой пшеницы «Гром» и «Нодира» на светло-серых почвах Андижанской области.

Keywords: groundwater, chdns, slope length, moisture thickness, irrigation methods.

Ключевые слова: подземные воды, предельная полевая влагоемкост (ППВ), длина склона, мощность увлажнения, способы орошения.

Today, winter wheat is grown on 220.4 million hectares in more than 132 countries. Of this, 12.3% is irrigated land, the average grain yield is 31.1 quintals per hectare, and the bulk of food is grown on these lands1. In recent years, the sharp change in climate has caused a number of inconveniences in the cultivation of grain crops. A number of countries around the world, including the United States, Australia, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, North Africa, Central Asia, South Kazakhstan, Transcaucasia, are finding solutions through the introduction of modern agricultural technologies and reclamation measures. Therefore, the norm of seasonal irrigation, the timing of irrigation is based on the water consumption of each crop, depending on the natural and climatic conditions.

Adherence to scientifically based irrigation procedures in the context of water shortages in world agriculture today has a positive impact on increasing crop yields and its quality. In this regard, it is important to conduct research to improve modern science-based irrigation procedures that save water and resources, as well as to improve the reclamation of lands.

The study was conducted in the Andijan region in light gray, medium-heavy sands with mechanical composition, groundwater level at a depth of 1.5-2.0 meters. The experimental system is presented (Table 1).

The experiments were performed in 4 repetitions. The area of the fold 4 times is 0.6 x 8 = 4.8 m2, the length of the edge is L-50 m, the distance between the edges is v-0.9 m, the area of the option is 4.8x 50 = 240 m2, the area of the fold is 240 x 5 = 1200 m2 , total area 1200 x4 = 4800 m2 or 0.46 ha.

                                                         Table 1

Experimental system

Data on growth and development of winter wheat depending on irrigation regimes are given in Table 2.

According to the data, in 2022, the optimal irrigation regime for winter wheat in the "Grom" variety is 70-70-60% of the wilting point in the irrigated control variant. and 856 cm, the number of stems was 884 in the collection and 3.9 in the tubing.

In 5 variants of rain-fed irrigation with soil moisture 65-65-60% relative to wilting point, these values are: 8.8; 17.9 and 84.6 cm; the number of stems was 860, and 4.8 and 4.6 per plant, respectively, which is 2.2, -3.5; and 856 and 1.3 compared to variant 1. ; 1.0 is the excess. It should be noted that the high soil moisture content of 70-70-60% had an optimal effect on the growth of winter wheat. However, the height of stalks and the number of stalks of winter wheat do not determine the yield, but only increase its dry mass. It was observed that the soil moisture content was higher than the 5 variant values set at 65-65-60% compared to wilting point before irrigation.

Similar data were obtained for winter wheat variety "Nodir".

In conclusion, for optimal growth and high yield of winter wheat, it should be 65-65-60% of the wilting point relative to the limited field capacity in terms of pre-irrigation soil moisture phases, and it is advisable to irrigate by rain.

Table 2

Growth and development of winter wheat

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