DETERMINATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS IN “AS-BOG‘IM” AND “AS-QUVVAT” FOOD SUPPLEMENTS

ABSTRACT

The present study focuses on the determination of water-soluble vitamins in “AS-BOG‘IM” and “AS-QUVVAT” food supplements using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Water-soluble vitamins play a crucial role in metabolism, immune system regulation, vision, skin health, bone formation, and blood circulation. These vitamins must be regularly supplied through diet, as they are not stored in the body and are excreted through urine.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Данное исследование посвящено определению содержания водорастворимых витаминов в пищевых добавках «AS-BOG‘IM» и «AS-QUVVAT» с использованием метода высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии (ВЭЖХ). Водорастворимые витамины играют важную роль в метаболизме, регуляции иммунной системы, поддержании зрения, здоровья кожи, формировании костной ткани и кровообращении. Эти витамины должны регулярно поступать в организм с пищей, поскольку они не накапливаются и выводятся с мочой.

Keywords: water-soluble vitamins, metabolism, immune system, inflammation, HPLC, antioxidants.

Ключевые слова: водорастворимые витамины, метаболизм, иммунная система, воспаление, ВЭЖХ, антиоксиданты.

INTRODUCTION

Water-soluble vitamins are essential micronutrients that dissolve in water and are directly absorbed into the bloodstream. They are involved in numerous biochemical processes, including energy metabolism, immune response, and cellular regeneration. Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, they are not stored in the body and must be consumed regularly [1;335-337 p.].

Among them, B-group vitamins play a central role in metabolic processes and nervous system function. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) is essential for carbohydrate metabolism and neural activity, while vitamin B3 (niacin) is involved in energy production and cellular repair. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a powerful antioxidant that enhances immune defense and protects cells from oxidative stress [2; 67-73 p.]. Deficiency of these vitamins may lead to serious health disorders such as weakened immunity, neurological problems, and metabolic dysfunction. Therefore, determining their content in functional food supplements is of great scientific and practical importance [3;91-94 p, 4; 12-18 p.].

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Chemicals and Reagents

Standard substances of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, PP, and vitamin C were obtained from certified manufacturers. HPLC-grade solvents such as water, acetonitrile, acetic acid, and sodium hydroxide were used.

Instrumentation

The analysis was carried out using a Shimadzu LC-40 Nexera Lite HPLC system equipped with a photodiode array detector (PDA).

Preparation of Standard Solutions

Standard solutions of vitamins were prepared in appropriate solvents (0.1 N HCl or NaOH solution) to obtain calibration curves with different concentrations.

Sample Preparation

A 1 g sample was extracted with 25 ml of 0.1 N HCl using an ultrasonic bath at 60°C for 20 minutes. The extract was filtered and diluted to volume, followed by filtration through a 0.22 μm membrane filter.

Chromatographic Conditions

Separation was performed using a Shim-pack GIST C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) and 0.25% aqueous acetic acid (B) under gradient conditions. Detection wavelengths were set at 265, 291, and 550 nm [5; 73-82 p.].

RESULTS

The chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of several water-soluble vitamins in both food supplements.

Table 1.

Content and retention times of vitamins in the extract of the “AS-QUVVAT” food supplement

Table 2.

 Content and retention times of vitamins in the extract of the “AS-BOG‘IM” food supplement

DISCUSSION

Water-soluble vitamins play a fundamental role in maintaining physiological homeostasis and supporting key biochemical processes in the human body. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that both “AS-BOG‘IM” and “AS-QUVVAT” food supplements are rich sources of essential B-group vitamins and vitamin C, which are directly involved in metabolic regulation, immune defense, and antioxidant protection. Vitamin B1 (thiamine), identified in relatively high concentrations in both supplements, is a crucial cofactor in carbohydrate metabolism and energy production through the Krebs cycle. It is also essential for proper functioning of the nervous system, as it supports neurotransmitter synthesis and nerve impulse conduction. In addition, thiamine has been reported to reduce oxidative stress by limiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, thereby contributing to anti-inflammatory processes. Vitamin B3 (niacin), which was found in particularly high amounts in both samples, plays a vital role in cellular metabolism as a precursor of NAD⁺ and NADP⁺ coenzymes. These molecules are essential for redox reactions, DNA repair, and cellular energy production. Niacin also exhibits immunomodulatory effects by regulating inflammatory mediators and enhancing the activity of immune cells such as macrophages and T-lymphocytes. Its ability to reduce oxidative stress further supports its importance in preventing chronic inflammatory conditions. Overall, the presence of these vitamins in considerable amounts suggests that the studied food supplements may serve as effective functional products for improving metabolic health, strengthening the immune system, and reducing inflammation. However, further studies, including clinical trials, are recommended to evaluate their bioavailability and long-term health effects.

CONCLUSION

The study demonstrated that “AS-BOG‘IM” and “AS-QUVVAT” food supplements are significant sources of water-soluble vitamins. The high content of vitamins B1, B2, B3, and C indicates their potential use in improving metabolic processes, strengthening the immune system, and preventing inflammatory and deficiency-related diseases. Regular consumption of such supplements may contribute to maintaining overall health; however, balanced intake is essential to avoid possible adverse effects.

References:

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