PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FURFUROLIDENDIUREA BASED ON FURFURAL AND UREA

ABSTRACT

Today it is important to optimize agricultural production and provide it with biologically active, inexpensive, low-toxic fertilizers and stimulants. Compounds of furfural with urea have biological activity, they exhibit bactericidal and fungicidal properties. The individuality of the synthesized compound was determined using IR spectroscopy, scanned electron microscopic analysis methods.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Сегодня важно оптимизировать сельскохозяйственное производство и обеспечить его биологически активными, недорогими, малотоксичными удобрениями и стимуляторами. Соединения фурфурола с мочевиной обладают биологической активностью, проявляют бактерицидные и фунгицидные свойства. Индивидуальность синтезированного соединения определяли с помощью ИК-спектроскопии, методов сканирующего электронного микроскопа.

Keywords: furfural, urea, IR spectroscopic, electron microscopic, content, analysis.

Ключевые слова: фурфурол, мочевина, ИК-спектроскопия, электронная микроскопия, содержание, анализ.

Today, a lot of research is being done to provide agriculture with high-efficiency, inexpensive organic and inorganic fertilizers and stimulants, as well as to further improve their physiological properties. [1] At the same time, the complex recycling of agricultural, industrial wastes and domestic wastes is very important today. Extraction of furfural, which has high fungicidal and bactericidal properties from pentose-containing wastes, serves to provide agriculture with biologically active, inexpensive and effective drugs. Furfural products from agricultural wastes such as cotton stalks, rice husks, sunflower baskets, corn kernels, and wheat straw have been identified [2]. Compounds were obtained as a result of the reaction of the obtained furfural with urea in different mole ratios. One of these is furfuralidendic urea compound [3]. Initially, quantum chemical calculations of furfural and urea molecules were performed in the theoretical evaluation of this compound [4]. Furfuralidendiurea was analyzed using physicochemical methods.

Methods and materials. IR-spectral analysis of furfuralidendiurea "IRTracer-100" (SHIMADZU CORP., Japan, 2017) full internal reflective (ATR) binder MIRAcle-10 diamond / ZnSe prism (spectral oscillations on the scale of wave count - 4000 ÷ 400 cm- 1; resolution - 4 cm-1, sensitivity signal-to-noise ratio - 60,000: 1; scanning speed - 20 spectra per second) using Infrared Fure spectrometry. The results obtained using the device were analyzed [5,6,7]. morphological study of the furfuralidendiurea surface in the crystalline state was performed and analyzed using SEM-EVOMA 10 (Zeiss, Germany) scanning electron microscopy [8,9].

Results and discussion. The results obtained by infrared spectroscopy analysis for structural analysis of the compound formed by the reaction of furfural and urea in a 1: 2 mole ratio are given in Table 1.

Table 1.

Absorption frequencies in the IR spectrum

As can be seen from this table, ν_asNH₂ ва ν_sNH - bonds at the absorption points 3446.79 - 3292.77 sm – 1; The νC–H bond is also present in this compound at a frequency of 2877.44 sm – 1, while νC=О at 1647.21 sm – 1, the deformation state of δNH₂ is 1525.69 sm – 1, C – N, furan ring, C-C, C-H, deformation bonds such as N-C-N were found to be 1367.53 sm – 1, 1010.70 sm – 1, 945.12 sm – 1, 738.74 sm – 1, 653.87 sm – 1, respectively.

The crystalline compound was also analyzed using a scanned electron microscope. To perform the inspection process, the sample is brought to the tablet state with a diameter of 1 cm and a thickness of 1-3 mm using special molds. [10] Using a SmartSEM device, the sample surface was magnified 100 times and the morphological structure of the substance was determined. The resulting images are shown in Figure 1. At the same time, the composition of the element was determined using the graphical spectrum of the substance under investigation. In this case, the mass fractions of the elements in the substance were calculated. The results are shown in Figure 2.

Figure 1. Electron microscopic imaging of furfuralidendiurea

Figure 2. Element graphic representation

In the graphical representation of this component, the mass of the substance in terms of carbon is 47.8%; oxygen - 26.8% and nitrogen - 25.3%.

Conclusion. Furfural, which has fungicidal and bactericidal properties, was synthesized from agricultural wastes and compounds based on it were obtained. These compounds were confirmed by chemical and physicochemical methods. IR spectroscopic analysis of furfuralidenic urea proved that the functional groups formed individually based on the characteristic absorption frequencies. As a result of analytical research on the appearance of the compound and the proportions of its constituent elements, we obtained accurate data.

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