STUDYING THE GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PRODUCTION WASTE FROM THE KUYTASH DEPOSIT

ABSTRACT

The content of this article focuses on the technological study of the material composition and enrichment potential of production waste from the Kuytash deposit, determining the technological indicators of enrichment, and recommending an effective technological scheme for enrichment. Various enrichment methods and laboratory equipment were used in the process of conducting this scientific research. The main task in developing a technological scheme for enriching technogenic waste is to study the material and mineralogical composition of the samples, as well as the nature of the distribution and interrelation of valuable components within them. As a result of a comprehensive study of the production waste from the Kuytash deposit, it was established that this technogenic waste is a finely dispersed product containing precious metals of industrial importance (WO3, Mo, Fe, Cu, Mn, etc.) in certain concentrations.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Содержание данной статьи заключается в технологическом изучении вещественного состава и обогатимости производственных отходов Койташского месторождения, определении технологических показателей обогащения и рекомендации эффективной технологической схемы обогащения. В процессе выполнения научно-исследовательской работы использовались различные методы обогащения и лабораторное оборудование. Основной задачей разработки технологической схемы обогащения техногенных отходов является изучение вещественного и минералогического состава исследуемых образцов, характера расположения и взаимосвязи ценных компонентов в них. В результате комплексного изучения производственных отходов Койташского месторождения было установлено, что эти техногенные отходы представляют собой тонкодисперсные продукты, содержащие в определенной концентрации ценные металлы промышленного значения (WO3, Mo, Fe, Cu, Mn и др.).

Keywords: Kuytash deposit, tungsten, waste, concentrate, scheelite, granulometric composition, chemical analysis, reserve, sample.

Ключевые слова: месторождение Куйташ, вольфрам, отходы, концентрат, шеелит, гранулометрический состав, химический анализ, запасы, проба.

Introduction

The tungsten waste storage facility of the Kuytash ore processing plant is located 0.8 km north of the plant itself. It is a basin formed by natural relief features (seasonal water flow) and a dam at the lowest points of the terrain. Technogenic structures were formed during the operational period of the Kuytash deposit as a result of the accumulation of waste (tailings) produced from the enrichment of skarn scheelite ores. Liquid residues were transported to the tailings storage facility, where they were evenly distributed across the area. The deposit is located in the Gallyarol district of Jizzakh region, 29 km northwest of the Gallyarol district center and 1.0 km southeast of the village. Communication with settlements is provided through an existing network of dirt and asphalt roads (Fig. 1). The nearest populated area is located 29 km southeast of the center of Gallarol district. Communication with the center of the Gallarol district is maintained via asphalt roads. Domestic and technical water supply to the quarry and processing plant is provided through a 5-kilometer water pipeline from the Kuytash Reservoir, with the final point being the processing plant. Diesel fuel is delivered once a week from the oil depot located in the center of Gallarol district, which is 29 km away. The fuel and lubricants warehouse and garage are located on the territory of the processing plant.

Figure 1. Map view of the Koytash deposit

Materials and methods

Electricity is supplied to the processing plant and the residual quarry from the facilities of the former Kuytash mine. Mobile communication is used for contact with the quarry. Domestic and medical assistance to workers is provided in the medical department of "Quytosh koni" LLC. Currently, the deposit, formed from aged fossils, has the shape of a randomly dissected lens with a length of up to 345 m (over the surface), a width of 40 to 230 m, and a thickness of 0 to 35 m. The residual layer consists of horn-shaped, silicified shales, in places covered with sandy soils, sandy loams, sandy loams, and fragments of rocks. The color of the tailings ranges from greenish-gray to light gray, which is associated with changes in the petrographic composition of ore rocks during the development of the deposit. The main part of the waste is represented by clay-sand material. Surface remnants are dry, loose, and at depth they become denser and weakly cemented with pelite. In 1989-90, the enrichment residues were studied at the Koytash deposit to determine its possible industrial significance. In 2014, the Jizzakh Regional Committee for Nature conducted an inspection of the landfill and, based on the data of the study of the landfill surface, a passport was drawn up. The main part of the old remains consists of a clay-pelite fraction, the size of which is smaller than its size. 0.1 mm (45.0-60.0%) and sand fraction sizes from 0.1 to 1.0 mm (40.0-55.0%). The content of larger fractions usually does not exceed 1.0%. Residual matter is represented by the mineral composition: pyroxene (35-40%), quartz (15-30%), garnet (up to 15%), calcite (5-10%), sulfides (pyrite) - up to 5%. The average content of WO3 in well samples ranges from 0.036% to 0.064%, in wells - from 0.039% to 0.061%, averaging 0.052%, while no significant changes in lateral or depth are noted (Table 1).

Results and discussion

At the same time, in the near-surface part of the aged residues, according to the analysis of group furrow samples, a lower amount of WO3 was noted - from 0.037 to 0.042% (Table 2.2), which is partly associated with the dilution of residues associated with the introduction of material from the main rocks of the residue during the period of precipitation.

The results of the chemical analysis of the samples are as follows:

Table 1.

Results of the chemical analysis of the samples

According to the chemical analyses of the samples, no significant concentration of bound minerals was determined. The amount of molybdenum ranges from one ten-thousandth of a percent to 0.01%, on average 0.005%, copper - from 0.03 to 0.04% (on average 0.036%). The arsenic content averages 0.037%. According to spectral analyses, the composition of lead and zinc is at the level of ten thousandths of a percent. Technological tests, as noted above, were carried out along samples taken from enrichment residues with an average weight of 174 kg, along excavations carried out by an excavator in the tailings dump. Granulometric analysis was carried out by the wet method on standard sieves. The WO3 content was determined in each size class. The results of the granulometric analysis are presented in the table. No major malfunctions were detected in the residual area within the reserve calculation contour. Along the axis of the waste basin, only a zone of weakening without visible rock displacement is noted. Mineral - obsolete remains form a lens-shaped deposit, characterized by the appearance of intact deposits. Within the volume of the studied minerals, structural factors influencing the extraction of minerals were not recorded. The mineral is represented by obsolete residues obtained from the enrichment of one geological, industrial, and technological type - skarn-scheelite ores. The extraction of mineral reserves is provided for by the open-pit method - in the quarry using the extraction method. It is recommended to ensure the homogeneity of the raw material by calculating a radical average of the rock mass extracted in the quarry. Existing industry requirements for the suitability of the extracted mineral. The mineral composition of the waste is close to that of previously processed skarn-scheelite ores. Grains predominate in pyroxene (35-40%), quartz (15-30%), and garnet (up to 15%). Calcite (5-10%) and sulfides (mainly pyrite - up to 5%) are present in smaller quantities. The WO3 content is very uniform and usually ranges from 0.04 to 0.06%, averaging 0.052% by exploration wells. No significant concentration of bound useful components has been determined. The filling of groundwater in the landfill area is carried out due to the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation. With the exception of a spring that dries up 20 m south in summer and is located hypometrically lower, no constant water flows are observed. The waste basin is represented in the relief in the form of a large ravine, slowly tilted in the southeastern direction. Everything goes in the same direction. Intensive water inflow into the quarry is not expected, since the development of residues continues in the layers, and atmospheric precipitation does not accumulate, and light partic. There are no conditions for water accumulation on the surface inside the site. Water from atmospheric precipitation does not remain in the site, flows into the depths, and escapes or evaporates through cracks in the dam. Due to precipitation, there is no possibility of quarry flooding. In 12 drilled exploration wells, abundant irrigation is observed only from +1020 m. This water is taken from atmospheric precipitation retained by the dam, and its level should fall with the depth of the quarry.

Conclusion

Dynamic groundwater reserves in the deposit area are not supplied - precipitation evaporation is significantly higher than the amount of atmospheric precipitation, there is no filtration from permanent water flows, there are no irrigated areas, there is no flow from the upper part to the lower part. Based on the foregoing, it is clear that there will be no complications in the development of quarries due to atmospheric, surface, and underage waters. The landfill area is bordered by the southwestern foothills of the Northern Nuratau Range. The relief is relatively calm, sometimes dissected, slowly tilted at an angle of 5 - 12° to the southeast. The absolute elevations of the relief within the working area are 998-1040 m. The useful thickness is characterized by the residual deposits of the Kuytash deposit, formed as a result of the enrichment of skarn-shelite ores. The thickness of open useful layers in the reserve calculation contour ranges from 0 m to 32.6 m, averaging 15.7 m.

References:

1. S.U. Xolmatova. Texnogen chiqindilarni flotatsiya usulida boyitish jarayonlari // Евразийский журнал математической теории и компьютерных наук.- 2022/9/28. T-2. № 10. C-9-12.
2.  M.A.Mutalova, A.A.Xasanov, I.S.Ibragimov. Tog'-kon korxonalarining eskirgan qoldiqlarini qayta ishlashning zamonaviy texnologiyalarini tadqiq qilish// markaziy osiyo nazariy va amaliy fanlar jurnali-2023. №1. C-138-142.
3. M.A. Mutalova, A.A. Khasanov, IS Ibragimov, T.E. Melnikova. Development of technology for producing tungsten product with wo3 content not lower than 40% from technogenic waste sie «almalyk mmc // international journal of advanced research in science, engineering and technology. - 2019/12. №12. C-12329-12333.
4. M.A. Mutalova, A.A. Khasanov, E.M .Masidikov. Extraction of a tungsten-containing product from the left tails of the ingichin factory// international journal of advanced research in science, engineering and technology. 2020/5. T-7. №5. C-13850-13856.
5. Mutalova M.A., Kholmatova S.U. Geological structure, mineralogical composition and processing methods of the kuytash mine production waste deposit, "current issues, innovative solutions and prospects of the chemical industry," International Scientific and Practical Conference, November 1-21, 2024, Almalyk, Uzbekistan.
6. Mutalova M.A., Salijanova G.K., Kholmatova S.U., Methods of enrichment of polymetallic ores using a collective-selective scheme, "Current challenges, innovative solutions and prospects of the chemical industry," International scientific-practical conference, November 1-21, 2024, Almalyk, Uzbekistan
7. M. A. Mutalova, S. B. Djurakulova, A. S. Nabiyev, Sh. B. Nematov, Reagent regime and methods of separation of polymetallic ores, education and development analysis online scientific journal, Volume: 04, Issue: 11 | Nov - 2024 ISSN: 2181-2624 www.sciencebox.uz .