IMPROVING VACUUM GENERATION SYSTEMS IN VACUUM COLUMNS FOR PRIMARY OIL DISTILLATION

ABSTRACT

The article developed a comprehensive methodology for the interconnected calculation of the main elements of technological blocks operating under vacuum. This methodology allows for consideration of the interaction of the properties of the main technological object and the vacuum generation system. Also, a procedure for interconnected modeling of complex chemical-technological systems has been developed, and a method has been proposed that allows simultaneously calculating the technological object subjected to vacuum and the system creating a vacuum in systems operating under vacuum.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье разработана комплексная методология взаимосвязанного расчета основных элементов технологических блоков, работающих под вакуумом. Данная методология позволяет учитывать взаимодействие свойств основного технологического объекта и системы создания вакуума. Также разработан порядок взаимосвязанного моделирования сложных химико-технологических систем и предложен метод, позволяющий одновременно рассчитывать технологический объект, подвергающийся вакуумированию, и систему, создающую вакуум в системах, работающих под вакуумом.

Keywords: Vacuum generating systems, vacuum condenser, vapor/gas ejector, vapor phase, fore vacuum pump, specific heat capacity, vapor-liquid equilibrium, liquid-ring vacuum pump.

Ключевые слова: Вакуум-генерирующие системы, вакуумный конденсатор, парогазовый эжектор, парная фаза, форвакуумный насос, удельная теплоемкость, парожидкостное равновесие, вакуумный насос с жидкостным кольцом.

Introduction. Chemical technology development boiling temperature reduction and thermal destruction processes intensity reduce for separation and cleaning low residue pressure under done increaseable complicated to the structure has was substances working without release imagination as It won't be. except, such to substances often quality according to strict requirements is placed, this and hardware and technological processes to be formalized serious restrictions puts.

Vacuum under take to go most exemplary in processes demand to be done residue pressure field to low ("technical") vacuum relevant will be. Pressure when decreasing vapor (gas) phase density decrease because of the device section along steam volumetric expense increases, therefore for such processes transfer equipment big volume and dimensions with separated. This situation from the designers thorough thought approach and together working and to each other mutual impact indicating vacuum blocks and vacuum harvest doer systems work features into account to take demand Therefore, the vacuum blocks and vacuum harvest doer hardware and technological systems design improvement task current to be, to be solution Uzbekistan Republic of enterprises energy efficiency increase opportunity gives.

Vacuum blocks modeling and in calculation main goal to the VGS demand to be done download identification, as well as product currents demand to be done quality save remaining without working release conditions designated between of the object residue pressure necessary level save to stay capable was The VGS location from determining consists of.

Results. Object and connect of pipes characteristics is entered and on the block given pressure according to his/her account done is increased. Then condenser parameters inserted, sucked being taken mixture cooling temperature is given and calculation done If the surface according to backup and pressure decrease permission done from the range outside if, then new cooling temperature is entered.

Vacuum under working technological of processes mathematician models working exit following to the algorithm appropriate done increased:

1. Under study chemical technological system (CHTS) analysis was held. Then whole process decomposition on principle appropriate each other with relevant accordingly material and energy currents with connected one row small to processes divided. Necessary in cases technological scheme based on of the process with operator scheme working was released, then small processes exemplary technological operators with replaced.

2. Unisim Design R451 (Aspen HYSYS V12) Universal Mechanism Planning (UMP) data from the base One or the other of the CHTS this small process description for intended modules selectively Modules each other "connected"with and "flexibility" of the scheme increase and solution approaching provide for specified.

3. Calculation experiment was held, its as a result research being done CHTS material and energetic balance calculating It was released.

4. In UMP synthesis made calculation scheme adequacy checked, this taken calculation information industry inspection, technological inspection or hardware (module) experimental research to do results with from comparison consists of was.

Industry experimental research) data 15% of each other more than difference if not, calculate scheme considered sufficient. Vacuum of the capacitor work feature is that the device two heat exchange zone available: first zone - vapors elementary from the temperature saturation to temperature cooled; second zone - saturated vapors saturation at temperature condenses and designated to temperature extreme is cooled, in which of vapors one part additional accordingly condenses. Note that highlight must be satisfied temperature mixture at the entrance pressure and intertube in the void general pressure decrease with is determined. In turn, exactly inert components of the mixture expense intertube in the void pressure decrease Vacuum under working standard shell-and-tube of the capacitor. The scheme is illustrated in Figure 1. Vacuum condenser mathematician model Unisim Design R451 (Aspen HYSYS V12) software complex modules set in appearance done increase is shown in Figure 2 delivered.

Figure 1. Vacuum condenser scheme

Figure 2. Vacuum of the capacitor computer model

Capacitor successful calculation for vacuum under take to go technological of processes to oneself typical features into account received without one times evaporation (OTE) process calculation OTE equations are needed. of Unisim Design R451 (HYSYS V12) software information at the base written and in the form of the “Separator” module done. The module is increased. Work principle from that consists of pressure as entrance of the flow pressure, one how many entrance there is when - login currents lowest pressure acceptance will be done. Then heat balance steam and liquid phases composition countable temperature is determined. See outgoing To the VGS relatively such approach support it won't be possible because condensation in blocks temperature and pressure of the capacitor structure, technological of the process to the parameters and used heat carrier to the temperature Unisim Design R415 software opportunities to the user known one temperature and pressure designation opportunity gives, of this from the “Separator” module for before heat exchange processes modeling for "Heat Exchanger" module designed add possible. This in the module temperature and pressure difference is given, in which mixture thermal-physical parameters program by automatic accordingly is considered.

Figure 3. In liquid ring vacuum pump (LRVP) work process done increase principal scheme

Materials and Methods. The layout of the VGS for the group of vacuum columns for separating ethanolamine mixtures was determined based on the Ruts and liquid ring vacuum pump pumps (LRVP).

Figure 3. Block diagram of the calculation of a Roots-type pump

The calculation according to the block diagram was carried out in several stages:

1. Module to enter stream given (pressure, temperature, flow) and content entered);

2. From the pump on the way out pressure given;

3. Start drink 𝑘_th approximation given was;

4. From the pump at the exit temperature was calculated;

5. Then following condition checked: to the pump at the entrance volumetric spend at the exit volumetric to spend ratio from the calculation most with 10 % difference not to do If necessary. not done if, new k value is entered and paragraphs 3 and 4 are repeated;

6. If the conditions specified in paragraph 5 condition done if, in the input pressure and of the pump volumetric productivity calculating;

7. If at the entrance acceptance made pressure calculating issued pressure with suitable if not, the pressure new value acceptance will be done and paragraphs 1-6 again is done.

Ethanolamines mixture separation according to vacuum columns group for Roots and LRVP pumps at the base. The VGS composition determined and economic efficiency 3 years cover deadline with 458527300 soums organization. Small oil refinery plant (ORP) vacuum column for steam - ejector vacuum pump (EVP) to LRVP replacement as a result operational costs by 78% decreased, in which system all work in modes work ability save remains. Phenol and acetone working release waste pottery in the way again work department block from the pillars in one in advance connected ejector with LRVP -based only vacuum harvest doer from the system use on the columns 1.5 times the pressure reduction opportunity gave. Hydrocracking device drying column for EVP in calculation stages according to optimal pressure distribution detection, vacuum in capacitors pressure decrease more precisely calculation and turnover water transmission scheme working exit as a result, the work of the VGS demand to be done indicators save remaining without water steam spending 494 kilograms per hour reduce possibility was created. Fuel oil rectification column EVP project for working on the way out used. The methodology determines the optimal geometry of steam ejectors, water transmission scheme determination and exploitation expenses there is to the option by 20% compared to reduce opportunity gave.

Conclusion. A methodology for interconnected modeling of vacuum technological blocks and vacuum generation systems has been developed. In this methodology, the vacuum chamber and the vacuum generation system are considered as a single complex chemical-technological system. The calculation of the vacuum generation system is carried out taking into account the change in the properties of the vacuumized object at various parameters of the technological regime of the studied device. It was established that the difference between the operating parameters of the vacuum chemical technological system and the design parameters is associated with uncertainties arising at the design stage when choosing various solutions. At the same time, this allows for the optimization of existing vacuum-generating systems, and the implementation of this possibility is achieved through the use of a systematic approach strategy.

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