ECONOMIC INDICATORS OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PUMPING STATIONS

ABSTRACT

The article discusses the issues of increasing the operating efficiency of pumping units by reducing the wear rate of parts of centrifugal and axial pumps through design changes of individual components, improving the hydraulic characteristics of water intake structures and organizing water supply accounting.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье рассмотрены вопросы повышения эффективности эксплуатации насосных агрегатов за счёт снижения интенсивности износа деталей центробежных и осевых насосов путём конструктивных изменений отдельных узлов, улучшением гидравлических характеристик водоприёмных сооружений и организацией учёта водоподачи.

Keywords: Fore chamber, water intake section, pump, pumping unit, suction pipe, supply pipe.

Ключевые слова: Аванкамера, водозаборная секция, насос, насосный агрегат, всасывающая труба, подающая труба.

Introduction

Out of 11.0 billion kWh of electricity consumed annually in agriculture, 8.2 billion kWh is equal to the total energy consumption of pumping stations, which is 20% of the electricity produced in the republic. 75% of the funds allocated for the operation of the water management complex per year, i.e. 586.4 bln. soums are spent on the operation of state pumping stations. Therefore, our country occupies one of the leading positions in the world in terms of machine irrigation.

Calculations have shown that a 1% decrease in the efficiency of pumping stations in irrigation systems will cause additional costs of 4.5...5 billion soums per year. Currently, because the operating resource of the aggregates installed in the pumping stations in the irrigation system has exceeded the standard level, they are used with reduced performance indicators of FIK up to 8...20 percent. This, in turn, causes the cost of using pumping stations to exceed.

Experimental research

Many years of experience in pumping stations show that most of them are working at a water transfer much lower than the design indicator.

The efficiency of the pumps is determined by the degree of permissible bending of their working parts. The main factors that determine the repair and restoration of centrifugal and centrifugal pumps are the degree of wear of the details that form the sealing part of the impeller and the side slot. The results of studies on the proposed method of protection of the sealing part of the centrifugal pump impeller show that when water treated in a hydrocyclone is transferred to the compartment between the impellers and the sealing ring, the expansion of the sealing slot is dramatically reduced, i.e., it provides 1.5...2 times less deflection [1].

If the expansion of the sealing gap is equal to 3.15 mm during 3.5 months of use in a pump of a typical design, the sealing gap according to the proposed scheme is 1.95 mm. In this case, it was considered cost-effective to repair pump parts after 3 months of use. 3 million per year when this design is used in one 200D-90 type centrifugal pump. soum provides an opportunity to gain economic efficiency.

In addition, it was observed that the corrosion of the protective case and the plug of the pump was reduced and their service life increased by 3.5...4 times with the transfer of water purified in a hydrocyclone to the pump impellers.

The practice of using pumping stations shows that the ability of pumps to transfer water decreases due to the fact that small particles of sand and silt in the irrigation water settle in the water intake. Increase of hydraulic resistance due to sedimentation of mud in the water receiving units and vane chamber of pumping stations and reduction of water transfer due to air suction of pump units increases electricity consumption, and due to vibration, excessive expenses for repairing pumps and cleaning structures from mud causes the cost of water to increase several times.

Research results

When using the proposed technical device:

• increasing the level of influence of the inlet opening, washing away small sand and muddy particles that settle in the bottom layer of the flow, and reducing the hydraulic resistance due to the change of the angle of entry to the flow suction pipe, allows to increase the water transfer of the pump units by 8.3% and FIK by 5.2%.
• the formation of a motionless ("dead") layer of water around the entrance of the suction pipe reduces the construction costs due to the fact that the depth of the pipe mouth is reduced to the minimum water level by 25-30% and prevents the formation of lumpy air funnels.

In most pumping stations, the water flow of the pumps is accepted in accordance with the values given by the factory, which in turn leads to large errors.

In the practice of using pumping stations, it was found that the water transfer of pumping units decreases by 15...30% during the crop irrigation season [2]. This situation has a drastic effect on the decrease in the productivity of agricultural crops. The fact that a large number of pumping stations in the irrigation systems of our country are equipped with water consumption measuring devices is a very small percentage, which does not give an opportunity to solve the problem of obtaining a water account.

Conclusion

Based on calculations, when the structure protecting the working wheel of the D-type pump is used in a pumping station with 5 aggregates, 3 mln. annual economic benefits of soums have been determined. The annual economic efficiency of the five-unit pump station, which uses the proposed design of the working wheel and compartment of the reading pump, is 2.5 mln. is soum.

The new proposed construction of the water intake units of the five-unit station with centrifugal D4000-95 pumps is 18.5 mln. gives an economic effect of soum.

The annual economic benefit obtained by applying all the recommended measures to each pumping station with five aggregates equipped with centrifugal and positive pumps, after 2005, multiplied by the coefficient of price change by 1.8, will be 47 million. soums, and when applied to pumping stations on the scale of our Republic, it amounts to several billion sums.

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