SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF IONITES WITH TARGET PROPERTIES

ABSTRACT

In this article, the influence of the amount of alkali on the yield of the cratonaldehyde polymerization reaction has been studied. The resulting polymer product was treated with sodium bisulfite, a cation exchanger was synthesized, and its properties were studied.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье изучено влияние количества щелочи на выход реакции полимеризации кратональдегида. Полученный полимерный продукт обрабатывали бисульфитом натрия, синтезировали катионит и изучали его свойства.

Keywords: sodium bisulfite, croton aldehyde, KOH, polymerization.

Ключевые слова: бисульфит натрия, кротоновый альдегид, КОН, полимеризация.

Introduction

Unsaturated aldehydes are highly reactive compounds. Polymers based on them contain a double bond and an aldehyde group [1]. Therefore, it is possible to obtain new polymers by subjecting them to various chemical changes and modifying them. One such monomer is croton aldehyde. It is of great interest to obtain (oligo)polymeric substances based on this substance, which is produced as waste in the production of acetic aldehyde. The literature has specific information about the polymerization of this monomer [2;3;4;5], but in-depth practical studies have not been carried out. In this case, the symmetric exchange of the double bond complicates the polymerization of croton aldehyde. In recent years, polymerization reactions of croton aldehyde have been carried out in the presence of sodium alkali [6-8]. In the studies carried out in an alkaline medium, a viscous resin was obtained with a yield of 55%. Many factors affecting the polymerization reaction of croton aldehyde have been studied, but the composition and structure of the resulting polymer have not been fully investigated[9;10;11;12].

Methods and results

The polymerization reaction of croton aldehyde was carried out at 60 ºС in the presence of  KOH in an alkaline environment in various proportions (Table 1). For this, a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, a reflux condenser and a dropping funnel was placed on an electric heater with a magnetic stirrer[13-16]. The required amount of croton aldehyde was poured into the flask, and the polymerization reaction was continued by adding the alkali solution in the dropper funnel. The resulting polymer was purified by water precipitation and dried to a constant mass[16-18].

Table 1.

The effect of alkali concentration on the polymerization of croton aldehyde (60ºC, 10 hours)

After that, the resulting polymeric substance was heated by adding a saturated solution of sodium hydrosulfite[19-21]. The beaker was then cooled and after some time a powdery (brown) precipitate was obtained. The resulting substance is a sulfocationite with Na⁺ exchange properties[22-23]. The rate of sorption of Ca⁺² ions of this cationite under static conditions was determined: 10 samples of the ion exchanger in the form of Na⁺, 0.25 g of dry product, each sample were placed in 150 ml conical flasks and closed with a stopper[24;25;26].

Figure 1. Adsorption kinetics of Ca⁺² ions in samples of investigated sorbent materials

These flasks were filled with 50 mL of 0.1N CaCl₂ solution and the sample was kept in contact with the solution for a certain period of time while shaking. Every 10 minutes, 10 ml of solution was taken from the flasks and the amount of Ca²⁺ ion in them was determined using a calorimeter. Sampling was stopped when the concentration of calcium ions in the solution did not change.

Conclusion

The polymerization reaction of croton aldehyde was carried out at 60 ºC for 10 hours, and the effect of alkali on the reaction yield was studied. It was found that the reaction yield decreases as the molar amount of alkali in the polymer mixture increases. It was found that the polymerization was due to the vinyl group and carbonyl group in the kraton aldehyde. It was found that the carbonyl group was preserved in 50% of cases. It is determined that the combination of sodium bisulfide with the obtained polymer occurs as a result of the nucleophilic attack of the bisulfite ion on the carbonyl group in the polymer.

References:

1. Сипкина Е.И. Гибридные композиты на основе азотсодержащих гетероциклических низко- и высокомолекулярных соединений и диоксида кремния. Авто. Дисс. Иркутск - 2017 г.
2. Ostonov Firuz, Akhmedov Vohid SYNTHESIS OF IONITES BASED ON CREMNISOLE // Universum: технические науки. 2022. №4-13 (97).
3. Ostonov Firuz, Akhmedov Vokhid SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF COMPLEX FORMING IONITES // Universum: технические науки. 2023. №2-6 (107).
4. Остонов Ф.И., Ахмедов В.Н. Гибридные композиты на основе морфолина. // Меж. Конф.-Руминия, Бухарест. 20.11.2020 г. С. 38-42.
5. Ахмедов В. Н., Назаров Ш. К. Электронная структура и квантово-химические расчёты виниловых эфиров фенолов.
6. Olimov B. B., Akhmedov V. N., Gafurova G. A. Application of derivatives of diatomic phenols as corrosion inhibitors //Euro Asian Conference on Analytical Research (Germany. – 2021. – Т. 15. – С. 136-138.
7. Olimov B., Akhmedov V., Gafurova G. Production and use of corrosion inhibitors on the basis of two-atomic phenols and local raw materials //environment. – Т. 7. – С. 11.
8. Олимов Б. Б., Ахмедов В. Н. Винилацетилен асосида фенолларнинг винил эфирлари синтези.“ //Замонавий ишлаб чикаришнинг мухандислик ва технологик муаммоларини инновацион ечимлари” Халкаро илмий анжуман материаллари Бухоро. – 2019. – С. 37-39.
9. Olimov B. B., Yoldosheva N. J. Gravimetric study of the mechanism of action of corrosion inhibitors used in the oil and gas industry //Международный научно-образовательный электронный журнал «Образование и наука в xxi веке». Выпуск. – №. 19.
10. Olimov B. B., Ahmedov V. N., Hayitov S. Ikki atomli fenollar asosida vinilli efirlarni olish usullari //Fan va texnologiyаlar taraqqiyoti ilmiy-texnikaviy jurnal. – 2020. – №. 1.
11. Олимов Б. Б., Гафурова Г. А., Кудратов О. Х. Production and properties of corrosion inhibitors in the oil and gas industry //Universum: химия и биология: электрон. научн. журн. – 2022. – Т. 2. – С. 92.
12. Olimov, B. B., M. I. Sadiqova, and I. A. Beshimov. "Technology of obtaining effective corrosion inhibitors in the oil and gas industry." Universum: технические науки: электрон. научн. журн 1 (2022): 94.
13. Ахмедов В., Олимов Б., Гафурова Г. Винилачетилен иштирокида винил эфирлар олиш //НамДУ илмий ахборотномаси-Научный вестник НамГУ. – 2021. – С. 37-43.
14. Shomurod N., Vokhid A., Bobir O. Preliminary quantum chemical analysis of synthesized monomers with the participation of vinylacetylene //International journal of progressive sciences and technologies. – 2020. – Т. 22. – №. 2. – С. 50-56.
15. Паноев Э. Р., Дустов Х. Б., Ахмедов В. Н. Проблемы коррозии в кислых компонентных системах и способы ее уменьшения //Universum: технические науки. – 2021. – №. 12-5 (93). – С. 47-50.
16. Olimov B., Akhmedov V. The effect of reaction duration and catalyst on the synthesis of arylvinyl esters //Збірник наукових праць ΛΌГOΣ. – 2020. – С. 33-37.
17. Bahodirovich O. B. et al. Synthesis of Resorcinol Vinyl Ether in the Mono-position, Influence of the Catalyst, Temperature and Solvent on the Reaction Yield //JournalNX. – 2020. – С. 44-51.
18. Ахмедов В. Н., Олимов Б. Б. Способ получения виниловых эфиров на основе винилацетилена //Gaydar Aliyevning. – 2020. – Т. 97.
19. Назаров Ш. и др. Синтез мономеров при участии винилацетилена из одноатомных фенолов содержащих ариловую группу //Universum: химия и биология. – 2020. – №. 11-2 (77). – С. 11-15.
20. Ганиев Б. Ш., Олимов Б. Б. Влияние температуры синтеза на абсорбционные свойства сополимерных композитов содержащих навбахорского бентонита //Химия и химическая технология: достижения и перспективы. – 2018. – С. 304.1-304.2.
21. Olimov B. B., Akhmedov V. N., Gafurova G. A. Application of derivatives of diatomic phenols as corrosion inhibitors. Euro Asian Conference on Analytical Research (Germany).
22. Sh, Ganiev B. "Olimov BB influence of the temperature of synthesis on the absorption properties of copolymer composites containing navbahor bentonite." chemistry and chemical technology: achievements and prospects.-2018.--S: 304-1.
23. Nazarov S. K., Olimov B. B., Akhmedov V. N. Electronic structure and quantum-chemical calculations of vinyl esters of phenols //Austrian Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences. – 2020. – №. 3-4. – С. 46-51.
24. Остонов Ф.И., Ахмедов В.Н. Винилморфолин иштирокида гибрид полимер композит олиш //Рес. Конф. Бухра. 4-5 декабр. 2020 г. С.406-406.
25. Ахмедов В.Н., Остонов Ф.И., Дўстов Ҳ.Б. Получение модифицированных акриловых соединений на основе соединений кремния // Развитие науки и технологий. 2021. №2. С. 24-30.
26. Остонов Ф.И., Ахмедов В.Н. Производство новых видов гибридных композитов // Научный вестник Наманганского государственного университета. 2021 №9. С. 44-49.