SOLUBILITY POLYTHERM OF THE HOCH2CH2NH2·ClCH2CH2PO(OH)2 - [10% C10H11ClN4+ 90% C2H5OH] - H2O SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

In this work, the interaction of components in the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] - H₂O system was studied by visual polythermic method - in the temperature range from 34°C to 25°C. A polythermal solubility diagram of the system was constructed and the crystallization areas of ice, acetamipyride, monoethanolammonium 2-chloroethylphosphonate, and 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium monohydrate were separated.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной работе изучено взаимодействие компонентов в системе HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] - H₂O визуально политермическим методом в интервале температур от 34°С до 25°С. Построена политермическая диаграмма растворимости системы и выделены области кристаллизации льда, ацетамипирида, 2-хлорэтилфосфоната моноэтаноламмония и моногидрата 2-хлорэтилфосфоната моноэтаноламмония.

Keywords: solubility, system, diagram, concentration, crystallization temperature, insecticide, stimulant.

Ключевые слова: растворимость, система, диаграмма, концентрация, температура кристаллизации, инсектицид, стимулятор

Chloroethylphosphonic acid, more commonly known as ethephon, is used as an active ingredient in pesticides. It acts as a plant growth regulator and can be used in a variety of ways to control biological processes. Ethephon is absorbed by plant tissues, where it is metabolized and converted to ethylene [1]. Ethylene occurs naturally in plants as a growth hormone, and at high concentrations accelerates growth and ripening through the ethylene mechanism [2]. Therefore, ethephon is used to stimulate flowering (so that the plants flower and bear fruit at the same time)  in pineapple cultivation, as well as to increase the yield of apples, citrus fruits and figs. In addition, the positive changes noted when peach fruits and flowers were treated with 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid were studied. The results of this study showed that ethephon can accelerate the ripening and improve the quality of chili peppers [3].

Ethephon promotes a uniform rate of preharvest maturation and ripening which makes it a potentially useful chemical for crops intended for mechanical harvesting [ 4] . Ethylene and other plant growth regulators are important chemicals in agricultural production. Plant growth regulators are now used worldwide on a variety of crops every year. The plant hormone ethylene strongly affects almost all stages of plant growth, from germination to fruit ripening and senescence. In addition, its decisive role in the post-harvest physiology of agricultural products has been well studied [ 5] .

Phosphate compounds play an important role in the physiology of plants by participating in the formation of ATF, ADF, AMF in the plant body and entering into nucleic acids [6]. Ethanolamines perform a number of important functions in plants, such as growth and development, stimulation, effective synergism [7-10]. The amount of ethylene in the body of agricultural crops treated with salts of ethanolamine is observed to increase, as a result, the activity of ethylene in the abscission zone between the plant stem and the leaf increases, which causes the plant leaf to shed prematurely [11].

Taking into account the above, we were interested in studying the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] - H₂O system in order to obtain physiologically active substances with insecticidal properties. (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid and monoethanolamine were reacted in a 1:1 ratio, and the reaction of the resulting monoethanolammonium 2-chloroethylphosphonate [12] with a 10% solution of acetamiprid in alcohol was studied in an aqueous solution.

The polythermal solubility diagram of HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] - H₂O system was constructed between -36°C and 72°C temperature using binary systems and 12 internal cuts. Internal lines I-VI are directed from the 10% solution of acetamiprid in alcohol] and water side to the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ side, and lines VI-XII are directed to the 10% solution of acetamiprid in alcohol from HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ side and water side.

Figure 1. Polythermal solubility diagram of the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂- [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] – H₂O system

During the study of the solubility of the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] - H₂O system, its phase diagram revealed the separation of the crystallization spheres of ice, acetamipyride, 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium and 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium monohydrate. It can be seen from the diagram that all phases are connected at 2 ternary points. The initial ternary point composition consists of 35% monoethanolammonium 2-chloroethyl phosphanate (A-HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂), 2.4% acetamiprid and 62.6% water. This point is limited by crystallization zones of acetamiprid, ice and 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium monohydrate (B-HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂·H₂O). The composition of the second tertiary point consists of 55.2% 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium, 4% acetamiprid and 40.8% water (Fig.1. Table 1).

Table 1.

Binary and ternary points of the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] –H₂O system

During the construction of the polythermal solubility diagram of this system, the compatibility of the points was checked by drawing projections in the direction of increasing concentration of HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂  from the [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄ + 90%C₂H₅OH]  side and vice versa in the direction of increasing concentration of [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄ + 90%C₂H₅OH] from the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂  side (Fig. 2.3).

Figure 2. Polythermal projections of the [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] -–HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ -– H₂O system

Figure .3. Polythermal projections of the HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ - [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] – H₂O system

Solubility of components consisting of 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium, acetamiprid and ethanol was studied and scientific information on their interaction was obtained. In the solubility diagram, the boundaries of the crystallization areas of the ice, 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium, acetamiprid, and 2-chloroethyl phosphanate monoethanolammonium monohydrate were determined. O‘rganilayotgan eruvchanlik tizimini tahlil qilish natijasida HOCH₂CH₂NH₂·ClCH₂CH₂PO(OH)₂ va [10% C₁₀H₁₁ClN₄+ 90% C₂H₅OH] – H₂O asosida insektitsid xususiyatiga ega fiziologik faol moddalarni olish mumkinligi aniqlandi.

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