THE USE OF LOW-SPEED VERTICAL WIND TURBINES IN THE POWER SUPPLY OF AGRICULTURAL CONSUMERS

ABSTRACT

Agriculture is one of the main branches of the state economy. Agriculture is the main source of raw materials for many manufacturing industries, such as light industry, food industry and medicine. The development of the above manufacturing industries directly depends on the raw materials supplied by agriculture. In the development of agriculture, the use of modern equipment and technologies improves the quality and volume of products. But the use of modern equipment and technologies makes it difficult to provide them with a constant and high-quality source of energy. Within the framework of continuous energy supply, the use of renewable energy sources, especially wind energy, will be one of the practical solutions to partially solve this problem.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Сельское хозяйство является одной из основных отраслей экономики государства. Сельское хозяйство является основной сырьевой базой для многих отраслей обрабатывающей промышленности, таких как лёгкая, пищевая промышленность и медицина. Развитие вышеуказанных производящих отраслей напрямую зависит от сырья, поставляемого сельским хозяйством. В развитии сельского хозяйства использование современной техники и технологий повышает качество и объем продукции. Но использование современной техники и технологий делает сложной задачу обеспечения их постоянным и качественным источником энергии. В рамках непрерывного энергоснабжения использование возобновляемых источников энергии, особенно энергии ветра, станет одним из практических решений частичного решения этой проблемы.

Keywords:  wind turbines, VAWT, agricultural consumers, wind energy.

Ключевые слова:  ветряные турбины, ветряная турбина с вертикальной осью, сельскохозяйственные потребители, энергии ветра.

Agricultural electricity consumers

The rapid electrification of agriculture in the last century has led to an increase in the number and size of electricity consumers in agriculture. Consumers of agricultural electricity include drip irrigation systems, agricultural pumping stations and greenhouses. These consumers of electricity do not require much power, with the exception of pumping stations. The operation of drip irrigation systems and greenhouses is seasonal, and during the seasonal period it is required to provide them with electricity (Fig 1.)[1]. The drip irrigation system and electrical systems of greenhouses do not have a complex design. But their electrical part consists of basic devices such as a pump, an automatic water distribution and control device, and a climate control unit(Fig. 2)[2]. For the continuous operation of the devices mentioned above, a constant source of energy is required. Batteries are used to supply electricity to this type of consumers located far from the central power supply. In turn, the batteries are charged by wind turbines. In this case, it is necessary to choose the optimal wind generator. Because wind turbines, capable of generating electricity even at low wind speeds, allow continuous operation of batteries. Based on the above considerations, we will consider the analysis of wind turbines capable of operating at low wind speeds. Taking into account that the electrical equipment used in agriculture does not require high power, low-speed vertical wind turbines are the optimal solution for power supply.

LOW-SPEED VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES

The main parameter for the selection and calculation of wind turbines is the wind speed. In order to install a wind turbine for a specific selected area, it is necessary to know the values of the annual and monthly wind speeds blowing in this area, and its direction. We choose Jizzakh region as a specific geographical area. We get the last three years of wind energy parameters data for the selected area (Tab. 1)[3].

Figure 1. Agricultural electricity consumers

Figure 2. Automatic Watering Device Timer

Table 1.

Average monthly and annual wind speed of Jizzakh region

This data is taken from the NASA Power geographic database of  USA. As can be seen from the table above, the wind speed for the selected area is low. This creates difficulties when choosing a wind turbine. As can be seen from the table, the average monthly wind speed is 1.73 m/s. Let's look at windmills that can run at low speeds.

There are many innovative types of vertical turbines available today. However, vertical turbines are divided into 2 groups:

a) Savonius

b) Darrieus

Of the wind turbines mentioned above, we will consider only vertical wind turbines of the Savonius type.

Savonius Wind Turbine

A vertical type Savonius wind turbine can operate mainly at low wind speeds. Savonius type wind turbines can capture small wind currents due to their large size. Below are the types of Savonius wind turbines (Figure 3)[4].

Figure 3. Different types of Savonius Wind Turbines.

Figure 3. Different types of Savonius  Vertical axis Wind Turbines

Below are several Savonius types vertical wind turbines, from which we select a wind generator capable of operating at the wind speed indicated in Table 1. (Tab.2).

Table 2.

Savonius type vertical axis wind turbines parameters

From table 2 above, we select a Turbina Energy 4 kW(Fig 4) windmill. Considering that the lowest wind speed in table 1 is 1.73 m/s, the optimal option for us is Turbina Energy 4 kW, which has a minimum operating speed of 1.5 m/s. This option is appropriate when the height is within 10-15 m. If the height is up to 50 m, it is advisable to choose the Kliux Zebra(Fig.5) model[5].

References:

1. https://www.africa-uganda-business-travel-guide.com/uganda-to-implement-drip-irrigation-systems-from-isreal.html ;
2. https://sea.banggood.com/;
3. https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/;
4. Can Kang, Haixia Liu, Xin Yang  Review of fluid dynamics aspects of Savonius-rotor-based vertical-axis wind rotors, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Volume 33, May 2014, Pages 499-508;
5. Marco Casini, SMALL VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS, Journal of Clean Energy Technologies, Vol.4, No. 1, January 2016;