ON THE ISSUE OF THE INTEGRATED USE OF SHARGUNKUMIR FOR OPEN-PIT COAL MINING

ABSTRACT

The paper proposes the preparation of sites for excavation using the existing technology, the main technological solutions for stripping, and the issue of the integrated use of Shargunkumir for open-cast coal mining.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В работе предложена подготовка участков к выемке по существующей технологии, основные технологические решения вскрытия и к вопросу комплексного использования Шаргунькумир по добыче угля открытым способом.

Keywords:  Shargunskoye field, borehole, drift, drilling and blasting, ammonite 6ZhV, block, drilling of holes, development system, stope, extraction blocks.

Ключевые слова: Шаргуньское месторождение, шпур, штрек, буровзрывных работ, аммонитом 6ЖВ, блок, бурение шпуров, система разработка, очистный забой, выемочные блоки.

The deposit is divided according to the methods of opening the field into an adit (up to a horizon of 1300 m) and a sloping one (up to a horizon of 925 meters).

The false roof of the deposit is represented by a fine interbedding of unstable mudstones with a thickness of 0-1.5 m, the main roof is an interbedding of sandstones with siltstones. Soil rocks - siltstones and sandstones - are resistant to heaving[1-8].

The mine belongs to category I in terms of gas, is explosive in terms of dust, and is silico-hazardous in terms of workings through rocks.

The hydrogeological conditions for the development of the field are complex. All rocks, depending on the lithological composition and fracturing, are water-bearing.

The rocks of the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic periods take part in the geological structure of the field of the deposit.

The area allocated for the quarry of the coal deposit is a rocky ridge.

Category of rocks according to the scale of Protodyakonov M.M. - 7-9. Loosening coefficient - 1.40, bulk density - 2.68 t/m³.

The development of the deposit will be carried out in an open pit - a quarry, with the use of drilling and blasting.

The bottom of the design quarry is located at +1700 m; the maximum depth of the quarry is 43 m. The area of the quarry at the end of mining is 53,522 m².

Pit side angles 70° Angle at the end of mining - 47°

The likelihood of landslides and suffusion processes is excluded. There is no gas content. Seismicity 9 points.

Production facilities will be located in close proximity to the field area.

The angles of inclination of the sides of open pits in the final position must be established on the basis of an analysis of the geological, mining and physical, and geographical conditions of the deposit, affecting the stability of rocks in the slopes, as well as taking into account the technical and technological factors that form the final sides.

In the simplest case, with strong weakly fractured rocks that make up the sides of a quarry, or with rocks of medium strength and a side height of up to 150 m, the slope angle of the side in the final position can be found from the expression[4].

where βo is the slope angle of the side according to the conditions of rock stability, deg.; h1 is the height of the ledges in the final board; δb is the width of the safety berm; α is the slope angle of the ledge in the final position.

The main proposed elements of the system for developing the section of the exit of the coal seam from the surface are taken depending on the geological structure and physical and mechanical properties of the constituent rocks of the section, as well as the method, system, and technology of development, the type of equipment used.

The parameters of the development system are determined in accordance with the current Uniform Safety Rules and Standards for Technical Operation in Open Mining.

Selective development of the fertile layer, overburden, and minerals is envisaged. Road-planning work will be carried out using a T-130 bulldozer. For mining operations, it is proposed to use the Dosan-420 excavator with a bucket capacity of 2.0 m3, excavation and transportation of rocks is carried out by dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 25.0 tons.

Development of coal by ledges: 5.0 m. is carried out by a Dosan-420 excavator with loading into Chakman dump trucks.

The slope angle of the working side of the mining bench is up to 70°, and the slope angle of the non-working side of the bench is 57°.

The annual capacity of the open pit for coal, according to the terms of reference, is 100 thousand tons. m3.

Commercial coal reserves at the quarry site amounted to 170.872 thousand m³ and will ensure the operation of the enterprise for 1.5 years.

The quarry is open all year round:

• number of working days - 305;

• number of shifts per day:
• in mining operations (limestones) - 1,
• overburden works (loams) - 1;
• duration of the shift - 8 hours.

Drilling of blast holes on the rock ledge is provided by the SBU-100 rig (drill bit diameter 105 mm).

Design wells are instrumentally carried out and fixed on the ground along the grid according to the project for the production of a mass explosion.

SBU- 100 crown diameter dk = 0.105 m.

The conditional diameter of the well is determined by calculation

d =dk * 1.06= 0.105*1.06=0.110 m.

1.06 – well drilling ratio.

For calculations under the condition of safe blasting, the conditional diameter of the well is assumed to be d = 0.110 m.

Vertical wells are accepted for calculations by the project[6].

Solid charge, VV-mango-2. When using other types of explosives, it is necessary to introduce a correction factor that takes into account the specific energy consumption of the destruction of explosive rocks.

Wells are driven with drill cuttings and crushed rock.

The initiation of borehole charges consisting of the simplest ammonium nitrate explosives is carried out by militants in the amount of one piece, consisting of ammonite cartridges No. 6 ZhV with a diameter of 32 mm. The mass of ammonite fighter No. 6ZhV for downhole charges should be at least 0.6 kg. To isolate charges from non-water-resistant explosives in flooded wells, the height of the water column is more than 1 m, the project provides for the use of polyethylene sleeves.

Excavation and loading operations consist of the excavation of rock mass from the face and loading it into means of transport or moving it to a warehouse.

The heights of the developed ledges, the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks, and the structure of the mechanization of related processes make it possible to use the Dosan-420 hydraulic excavator for mining operations (for excavation).

The excavation of the rock mass is carried out by face slaughter, which ensures the maximum performance of the excavator due to the small average angle of rotation for unloading, convenient supply of vehicles for loading, and minimal downtime.

References:

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