ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTATION METHODS FOR HIGH-VISCOSITY LOCAL OILS

АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДОВ ТРАНСПОРТИРОВКИ ВЫСОКОВЯЗКИХ МЕСТНЫХ НЕФТЕЙ

Yamaletdinova A.A. Adizov B.Z.

26.11.2022 154

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Yamaletdinova A.A., Adizov B.Z. ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTATION METHODS FOR HIGH-VISCOSITY LOCAL OILS // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2022. 11(104). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/14610 (дата обращения: 23.04.2024).

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ABSTRACT

The article describes the technological indicators of methods for transporting local high-viscosity oils. When transporting flooded and high-viscosity local oils with a complex composition, various difficulties arise. One of these difficulties is the low fluidity of high-viscosity oil through pipelines. This problem is solved by several methods, one of which is the addition of surfactants that reduce the viscosity of viscous oils.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье описываются технологические показатели методов транспортировки местных высоковязких нефтей. При транспортировке обводнённых и высоковязких местных нефтей со сложным составом возникают различные сложности. Одно из этих сложностей является низкая текучесть высоковязкой нефти по трубопроводам. Эта проблема решается несколькоми методами, одним из которых является добавление ПАВ понижающих вязкости вязких нефтей.

Keywords: high-viscosity oil, paraffin, transportation, fluidity, amount of water, concentration, temperature.

Ключевые слова: высоковязкая нефть, парафин, транспортировка, текучесть, количество воды, концентрация, температура.

Introduction

One of the pressing issues of the oil production industry today is the transportation of the Well product of the fields, which are working at the final stage. The product of such deposits well is highly watered, has a complex composition, which causes various difficulties in the process of transportation. Also, the extraction and transportation of residual oil is carried out with the same difficulties [1].

Methods

Oils of complex composition are mainly considered residual oil, which is obtained by ternary extraction methods, working at the final stage, and we can see this in the example of our deposits.

In our study, we determined the composition of oils of local deposits (water content, paraffin content, salt content, amount of mechanical additives) and properties (density, viscosity) using appropriate methods [2].

To do this, we used the following standards: GOST 2517-85 Oil and petroleum products. Sampling methods; GOST 2477-65. Oil and petroleum products. Method for determining the water content; GOST 3900-85. Oil and petroleum products. Methods for determining density; GOST 6370-83. Oil, petroleum products and additives. Method of determination of mechanical impurities; GOST 11851-85 Oil. Method of paraffin determination; GOST 21534-76. Oil. Methods for determining the content of chloride salts; GOST R52247-2004 Oil. Methods for the determination of organochlorine compounds; GOST 2177-99 Petroleum products. Methods for determining the fractional composition [3,8].

Table 1 provides information on the composition and properties of the product of oil wells in local fields.

Table 1.

Composition and properties of selected oil samples from the fields "Kokdumalak", "Amudarya", "Khaudag", "Mirshodi", and "Jarkak"

Name of oil indicators	Name of oil fields
Name of oil indicators	Kokdumalak (control)	Amudarya	Khaudag	Mirshodi	Jarkak
Density at 20 ⁰C, kg/m³	864	998	977,1	961	890
Solidification temperature, ⁰C	-10	-24	-22	-4	-10
Content, % of total weight –asphaltenes –paraffin wax –silica gel resins – sulfur	2,85 3,8 4,68 2,09	49 6,6 59,2 9,3	9,20 3,80 50,4 3,60	8,35 7,80 38,69 3,40	5,92 6,30 14,23 6,14

As can be seen from table 1, compared to the composition of the well products of the Kokdumalak mine, the well products of the remaining deposits are considered complex in composition and high viscosity, and their transportation through pipelines requires a special approach [4,5,7,10].

In practice, several methods of transportation of high-viscosity oils are used. Methods of transportation through pipelines are classified as follows (fig.1)

Despite the possibility of choosing several methods for transporting high-viscosity oils through pipelines, a universal method of transportation has not yet been developed. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages (Table 2).

Figure 1. Classification of methods for transporting high-viscosity oils

Table 2.

Comparative analysis of methods for transporting high-viscosity oil through pipelines

Pumping method	Advantages	Disadvantages
Non – isothermal: 1. Hot pumping	widespread	high energy consumption; negative impact on the environment of the heat generated during transportation
2. Electric heating	possibility of automated use; adjustment of the temperature mode of transportation within a wide range	current-carrying cables are able to withstand only minor overloads; heat flows reduce the electrical strength of high-voltage insulation to an emergency level; high operating costs
Isothermal: 3. Pumping in the media stream	applicability in northern conditions	poor knowledge of the application
4. Hydro pumping	efficiency when used over short distances	the difficulty of providing a stable oil-in-water emulsion; the probability of phase dispersion; possible freezing of the pipeline in northern climatic conditions
5. Vibration treatment	applicability for pumping oil from earthen barns	time to restore the destroyed structure of oil; significant pressure losses in vibrating screens
6. Pumping of gas-saturated oils	changes in the rheological properties of oil as a result of the utilization of petroleum gas	danger of failure of the pumps, requiring separation before entering the pump; formation of gas plugs when pumping stops
7. Application of depressor landings	significant reduction of hydraulic flow resistance	the input temperature of the depressor additive must exceed the melting point of the paraffin (50-70 °C); lack of a universal additive suitable for all high-paraffin oils
8. Pumping of hydrocarbon diluents	high economic efficiency in the presence of the necessary amount of diluent in the areas of production of HVO	it is required to select the diluent concentration based on the initial rheological properties of the oil and the characteristics of the object

Results

In our studies, we chose a method based on reducing the viscosity of high-viscosity oils through pipelines and experimented with the addition of surfactants to the flow. We observed a decrease in viscosity and an improvement in fluidity with the addition of various concentrations of a surfactant synthesized from local silk waste [3,4,9]. Also, a further increase in oil fluidity with an increase in temperature can be seen in table 3 below:

Table 3.

Added surfactant concentration and temperature dependence of high viscosity oil fluidity

Surfactant concentration, % by weight	Oil fluidity
Surfactant concentration, % by weight	5 ⁰С	10 ⁰С	15 ⁰С	20 ⁰С
Without reagent	18,4	21,16	25,6	32,26
0,2	24,1	27,71	33,54	42,26
0,6	30,13	34,64	41,92	52,82
1	35,55	40,88	49,47	62,33
1,4	40,53	46,61	56,39	71,06
1,8	45,39	52,2	63,16	79,58

We achieved positive results when we tried it by adding up to a concentration of 1.8% of the surfactant. When we added a surfactant with a concentration of more than 1.8%, the surface active substance acceptability of the oil was not observed, and its fluidity did not change [6,7,9].

Discussion of the results

As can be seen from our results, when we mixed the surfactant with oil in a concentration of 1.8%, we observed its acceptability for reducing viscosity and transportation. We found that this method is optimal in the case of the same oil in comparison with other methods [4,7,9,10].

Conclusion

Based on the composition and properties of high-viscosity oils, the choice of the most optimal method, as well as an additive, minimizes the costs of transporting oil. For local high-viscosity oils, transportation by mixing a 1.8% concentration of the synthesized surfactant based on the waste of the silk industry has proven to be the most optimal.

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