USE WIND ENERGY IN THE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY OF AGRICULTURAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS IN RURAL AREAS (JIZZAKH REGION,UZBEKISTAN)

ABSTRACT

Agriculture is one of the main sectors of the economy of any country. In recent years, large-scale electrification of agriculture around the world, the introduction of technical and technological advances are the reason for the further development of this industry. Providing uninterrupted and high-quality electricity to modern equipment and devices introduced in the field of agriculture is a separate problem. The use of renewable energy sources, especially wind energy, when supplying electricity to consumers located in certain regions, can be a partial solution to the existing problem. This article analyzes the problem of using wind energy in the power supply of drip irrigation systems.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Сельское хозяйство является одной из основных отраслей экономики любой страны. В последние годы широкомасштабная электрификация сельского хозяйства во всем мире, внедрение технических и технологических достижений являются причиной дальнейшего развития этой отрасли. Обеспечение бесперебойной и качественной электроэнергией современного оборудования и устройств, внедряемых в сфере сельского хозяйства, является отдельной проблемой. Использование возобновляемых источников энергии, особенно энергии ветра, при электроснабжении потребителей, расположенных в определенных регионах, может стать частичным решением существующей проблемы. В данной статье анализируется проблема использования энергии ветра в электроснабжении систем капельного орошения.

Keywords:  wind energy, wind power  plant, drip irrigation systems, electrification

Ключевые слова: энергия ветра, ветроэлектростанция, системы капельного орошения, электрификация

For several centuries, mankind has been using wind energy for various purposes. At present, wind energy is mainly used for electricity generation. Large-scale electrification of agriculture and the introduction of electrical appliances around the world will create the basis for increasing demand for electricity in this area. In particular, the supply of uninterrupted and high-quality electricity to drip irrigation systems located in separate areas creates various technical problems. The use of renewable energy sources, in particular wind energy, is one of the best options for a partial solution to this problem. The amount of water used for irrigation purpose is not only controlled by a crop’s consumptive water used, but also by irrigation practices which include unnecessarily deep percolation of water into soil. It has been estimated that in surface irrigation, one to three times the amount of water actually needed to satisfy the crop’s requirement may be lost during the process of applying water to the land [1]. For this reason, the use of special water pumps in the drip irrigation system allows you to control water consumption and avoid excessive water losses. And for the efficient and continuous operation of the existing water pump, a constant source of energy is needed.

Design of drip irrigation

When designing a drip irrigation system, it is first necessary to determine the required water flow and the power required to deliver this water flow to the required distance under the required pressure. Also, in the design process, it is advisable to take into account such parameters as air temperature, solar radiation, humidity. Time of irrigation is determined from the calculation of emitting drip rate obtained by direct measurement of several samples [1]. It is calculated from the equation as follow.

                                                                                                (1)

where 𝐸𝑇_𝑐 is the crop evapotranspiration [mm day^-1] and 𝐸𝐷𝑅 the emitting drip rate [mm hour^-1].

Electric water pumps are the main consumers of electricity in a drip irrigation system. Because water pumps are used to lift groundwater to the surface and collect it in a storage tank. For this reason, when designing a drip irrigation system, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the water pump. Below is a diagram of a wind turbine powered drip irrigation system(Figure 1)[3].

Figure 1. Power supply of drip irrigation system

Wind power analysis

In the drip irrigation process, the smoothness of the irrigation cycle is directly dependent on the water pump. Because changes in water pressure during the irrigation cycle lead to changes in water flow. The amount of water pressure depends on the power transmitted by the water pump. The process of generating electricity by a wind generator, which is a power source for the regular operation of a water pump, is inextricably linked with the wind potential of the area where it is installed. Since the drip irrigation system is being introduced in the Jizzakh region (Republic of Uzbekistan), we will consider an analysis of the wind potential of this region. Kinetic energy of wind energy blowing in a given area[4]:

                                                                                            (2)

where m is the mass of air (mass, air density 𝜌= 1.38 kg/m³), kg; v- air speed, m/s.

Surface of a precision wind turbine that obstructs the flow air looks like this:

                                                                                            (3)

The calculation of these parameters allows the use of existing energy  wind and create a suitable wind pipe design or optimize the existing windpipe. According to this formula, power is calculated as follows:

                                                                                                        (4)

If we make changes  C_p =   to the above formula, then the power will be equal to:

                                                                                                            (5)

Below given monthly analysis of wind speed in Jizzakh region(table 1)[4].

Table 1.

The average wind speed by month

References:

1. P.Rejekiningrum,  Y.Apriyana “Design and implementation of solar pump irrigation systems for the optimization of irrigation and increase of productivity”, IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 622 (2021);
2. Anurag Mehta, Ridima Srivastava, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Pushparaj Singh, “Automatic Drip Irrigation System using Wind energy”, International Journal of Geology, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Volume – 3 Issue – 2 April 2015;
3. Hu Jiandong, Zhang Hongming, Hani A. Mansour, Yang Shaonan, Wu Lan1, Yang Bin and Tong Caixia, APPLICATION RESEARCH OF RENEWABLE ENERGY IN GENERATION ELECTRICITY, WATER LIFTING AND DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA, Plant Archives Vol. 19, Supplement 2, 2019;
4. Худойбердиев Умид, “АНАЛИЗ ЭНЕРГИИ ВЕТРА ПРИ ВЫБОРЕ ВЕТРОГЕНЕРАТОРОВ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОГО ТИПА” , «Научно-практический электронный журнал Аллея Науки» №2(65) 2022.