SECTION "NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT METHODS IN THE OPERATION OF VEHICLES"

ABSTRACT

In this article, section "new technologies and management methods in the operation of vehicles" and solve of some problem operation of vehicles. Some of diagnostics it is found that the remaining elements of the truck tire are intact, the car wheel must be restored.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье раздел "новые технологии и методы управления в эксплуатации транспортных средств" посвящен решению некоторых проблем эксплуатации транспортных средств. В ходе некоторых диагностик установлено, что остальные элементы шины грузовика целы, колесо автомобиля должно быть восстановлено.

Keywords: Diagnostics, car, tread, any truck, manufacture of  tires, car service,  rubber, special machine, truck tire welding.

Ключевые слова: Диагностика, автомобиль, резьба, любой грузовик, производитель шин, автосервис, резина, специальный станок, сварка грузовых шин.

Restoration of truck tires.In Western countries, the technology of restoring truck tires has been used for decades. In our country, this technology was not adopted immediately, but today an increasing number of truck owners prefer to restore rubber instead of buying a new tire. There are several reasons for this demand, but the main one is savings.

The economic benefits of this technology can be seen in numbers. So, as it is noted in the studies devoted to the issues of tire restoration, carrying out this procedure saves the budget of car owners by approximately 60-65%, since it is in this volume that the restoration procedure is cheaper than purchasing a new tire [1]. And if we talk not about individuals, but about organizations, including specialized ones (for example, logistics companies), then the savings on restoration will be quite significant.

Each tire consists of several parts. One of them is the treadmill tread, that is, the side that is constantly in contact with the road. Over time, it is erased, and the rubber becomes unsuitable for further use. If during diagnostics it is found that the remaining elements of the truck tire are intact, the car wheel must be restored[10].

The step-by-step process of restoring the tire tread for any truck is as follows:

• inspection and cleaning of dirt;
• removal of the remaining tread on a special machine;
• elimination of minor defects and problem areas;
• extraction – filling of unevenness formed after development.
• tread pad and autoclave vulcanization.

Tire welding is one of the most popular methods of tire repair and renewal today.

The tire is built up using two methods: cold and hot. The choice of method depends on the condition of the tire and the type of frame.

Cold welding method. When the tire frame is fully preserved, you can restore the tire in a cold way. Before restoring the tread, the specialist thoroughly examines the frame, and if he does not find any damage on it, then proceeds to restore it. Further, despite the fact that the protector has been preserved, it is removed. Unnecessary rubber is cut using a special machine, and the frame, if necessary, is repaired (punctures and other minor defects are eliminated). The surface of the frame is sanded, creating a rough texture. Then a layer of liquid rubber is applied to it, which will further ensure tight contact with the new tread. Natural rubber is used for the primer. After that, the specialist proceeds directly to the restoration of the tread: for this purpose, a tread tape is applied to the wheel (this is a kind of blank, which will become a new tread). Temporarily, the tape is secured with staples[5].  

Finally, the tire is sent to the machine, where it is wrapped in an envelope along with the camera and rim and sent for vulcanization. This process is fully automated and takes place in an autoclave, thanks to which the structure becomes strong and monolithic. At the end of these works, the rim and camera are removed [3].

After that, the tire is checked on the stand and installed on the car.

Hot welding. This method involves the use of the same raw rubber that is used in the manufacture of new factory tires. The tire frame is also cleaned of the old tread and carefully examined for possible reuse. If there are no visible problems, the frame is made smooth and prepared for the restoration of the tread. For this purpose, a strip of raw rubber is wound onto the frame by using an extruder station. Next, the tire is placed in a mold, where under the influence of increased temperature and pressure, the tape is glued to the frame[9]. The same procedure applies when creating new wheels. In the same chamber, the tread is formed and the rubber is vulcanized. In the end, almost new rubber comes out of the chamber, which does not differ in properties from the factory one.

Both cold and hot methods have their advantages and disadvantages. For example, the hot method is carried out in a fairly short time and allows you to get tires that are practically indistinguishable from factory ones, which can be used for the same time as already worn-out products. Also, this method does not harm the environment and saves natural resources. Among the disadvantages, it is worth noting the need to use bulky and expensive equipment, and therefore this method is rarely used in car service stations, more often used by specialized enterprises[6].

 The second method is used more often, including in car service stations. However, it has more disadvantages: it is quite labor-intensive, takes more time, is more expensive in price than the hot method, the resulting rubber is insignificant in quality, but it is inferior to new factory tires, although it can be used for the same time as already worn-out products[8]. With poor-quality welding, the layer with the tread is often peeled off.

Regardless of the chosen method, the tire is thoroughly tested before welding the tread. It takes into account the nature of wear, the degree of damage, the type of frame, and much more. If the tire has really outlived its usefulness, it will no longer work to weld the rubber

Thus, welding the tread of truck tires has many advantages, including:

• budget savings: not every car owner can buy a new truck tire, the cost of welding is several times less[11].
• welding extends the service life: rubber retains its properties after welding: shows excellent grip, withstands tests in harsh weather conditions;
• tires restored by modern methods practically do not differ in quality from new ones and have high wear resistance [2].
• repeatability of the procedure: you can weld rubber on the tire several times – as long as the wear does not affect the tire frame.

In other words, truck tire welding is good in all aspects: price, result, durability.

References:

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