STAGES OF DESIGNING A TWO-CASCADE AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT IN THE “MULTISIM” PROGRAMM

ABSTRACT

 In the article provides analytical information on the creation of the schematic diagram of the two-stage transistor amplifier in the program "Multisim", which simulates electronic devices, its simulation and design stages, it also covers the design steps for typing the device on a printed circuit board and representing it in 3D.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье представлена аналитическая информация по созданию принципиальной схемы двухкаскадного усилителя на транзисторе в программе «Multisim», моделирующей электронные устройства, этапы ее моделирования и проектирования, а также охватывает этапы проектирования для вывода устройства на печатную плату и представления его в 3D.

Keywords: printed circuit board, two-stage amplifier, Multisim, principle scheme, simulation.

Ключевые слова: двухкаскадный усилитель, Multisim, печатная плата, принципиальная схема, симуляция.

Introduction

The development of information-communication and computer technology serves as a convenient and reliable didactic tool in the teaching of specialized subjects and in the organization of laboratory exercises [1]. With the help of special computer programs, the opportunities for effective organization of practical and laboratory training in subjects related to the design of production processes are expanding [2].

Since most of the control elements and power units of every modern equipment in the manufacturing industry are made of electronic circuits, the modeling and design of electronic circuits is one of the most urgent tasks in the electronics industry. That is why the demand for electronic circuit modeling engineers is increasing every year. This requires the use of more effective methods of teaching in the training of engineers in higher technical institutes [3].

This article is devoted to the methods of designing the principle scheme of electronic devices, building a device model and creating software that simulates it, typing it on a printed circuit board, and analyzing the design stages representing it in 3D view using the "Multisim" program [4].

Special programs have been created for modeling complete electronic circuits and their virtual simulation, with the help of these programs electronic devices are modeled in several stages and their virtual models are created and simulated [5]. After the desired results are achieved, it is introduced into production. Application of this modeling method of electronic devices increases production speed and avoids excessive labor and costs [6].

Multisim is recommended as one of the most convenient programs for teaching future engineers how to model electronic devices.

Multisim program element library contains real and ideal models of all types of analog and digital integrated circuits [7]. The program contains a virtual model of any electronic measuring device, and almost all parameters of electronic circuits can be measured using the program. In the program, the component library is divided into different families depending on the type and functionality of the element or integrated circuit. In the program, it is possible not only to model electronic circuits, but also to design a complete electronic device and build its three-dimensional image [8].

We present the stages of designing a transistor two-cascade sound amplifier in the "Multisim" program [10].

The first stage. An electronic circuit of the device is drawn up. It is necessary to use real components as much as possible, because virtual components have only a mathematical model, and the parameters of the body are not included [11]. The assembled scheme of the two-cascade amplifier in the "Multisim" program is shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 1. Two-cascade sound amplifier circuit in the “Multisim” program

The second stage. All the parameters of the assembled circuit are checked in virtual measuring devices, i.e. simulated. For this, the voltage or current in the relevant parts of the circuit is measured using measuring instruments or an oscillograph for a mode of the power supply [12]. The importance of this stage is that the elements of the electronic circuit assembled from real components (passive or active elements) fail at a voltage or current greater than their nominal value. This condition makes it possible to diagnose the device without excessive costs.

The third stage. A printed circuit board and a 3D view of the device are designed (Figure 2). Included in the "Multisim" software package for designing printed circuit boards incoming "Multisim Ultiboard" program is used. The assembled electronic circuit is exported to the "Multisim Ultiboard" program through the program [9]. In this case, the scheme is saved as two separate files. Circuit elements transferred to the Multisim Ultiboard working window are not initially placed on the printed circuit board and are not interconnected. The ends and directions of the elements that need to be connected are indicated by yellow lines.

Figure 2. View of items transferred to Multisim Ultiboard

When placing and connecting the elements of the circuit on the printed board, it is necessary to ensure that the conductor paths (connector wires) do not intersect as much as possible. It is also necessary to try to minimize the geometric dimensions of the device. Placement of elements on the board and their interconnection (tracing) is done in two ways [12]:       

1. Auto-tracing – using the "Auto Route" command.
2. It is done manually by the designer (Fig. 3).   

Figure 3. Frontal view of the two-cascade amplifier circuit assembled on a printed circuit board

Figure 4. 3D view of the dual cascade amplifier circuit

The scheme shown in Figure 3. can be transferred to 3D format using the "Transfer" command and the general view of the scheme can be represented in different angles (Figure 4) [13].

Conclusions

Multisim is a convenient and reliable software tool for future circuit and electronics engineers to acquire skills and competences in various levels of analog and digital circuit modeling and device design [15]. Learning the steps of designing electronic devices through the program and gaining the skills to apply it in practice is one of the tasks facing future industrial electronics engineers today.

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