METHODS AND MEANS OF DIAGNOSING EEMS (ELECTRONIC ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM)

ABSTRACT

In this article solve problem of the analysis of the state of the issue allowed us to formulate the purpose of the work: improving the efficiency of the processes of diagnosing internal combustion engines (ICE) with electronic control systems.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В данной статье решение задачи анализа состояния вопроса позволило нам сформулировать цель работы: повышение эффективности процессов диагностирования двигателей внутреннего сгорания (ДВС) с электронными системами управления.

Keywords: ICE, diagnostic object, ECU, methods and tools, electronic engine management system, DST, Motor Tester program.

Ключевые слова: ДВС, диагностический объект, ЭБУ, методы и инструменты, электронная система управления двигателем, DST, программа тестирования двигателя.

Methods and means of diagnosing cars are used to simulate their operating modes, measure diagnostic parameters and make a diagnosis. They are created according to the diagnostic mechanism, types of diagnostic parameters and technological purpose[5].

According to the types of diagnostic parameters measured, diagnostic methods are divided into two groups: functional, corresponding to the parameters of work processes or the parameters of the effectiveness of the diagnostic object (power, braking distance, fuel consumption, etc.), local, corresponding to the parameters of processes accompanying the operation of the object (heating, vibration, exhaust gas composition) or structural, geometric parameters (gaps, backlashes, offsets).

The first group of methods and tools is intended mainly for determining the operability of the object as a whole, i.e. general (complex) diagnostics. If it turns out that the operating parameters of the object do not meet the standards, then the diagnosis is deepened by determining the causes of malfunctions of its elements using local methods. Local methods and tools provide piecemeal diagnostics. There are bench and portable diagnostic tools . Portable diagnostic tools include devices that provide diagnostics: by measuring acoustic parameters, by periodically repeating processes or cycles, by thermal condition, by tightness of working volumes, by parameters of oil, fuel, exhaust gases, by geometric parameters[4].

The use of various diagnostic methods and tools significantly depends on their technological purpose. Of fundamental importance is the classification of diagnostic methods and tools according to the scheme of their application: in stationary conditions or in motion. Stationary diagnostics provides maintenance and repair of cars in the production premises of the service station (Service station). Running diagnostics is carried out while the car is moving using built-in sensors and continuous monitoring measuring devices or using portable devices such as a fuel flow meter, a decelero meter, etc. So far, running diagnostics is poorly developed due to the low controllability of the car. The main requirements for diagnostic methods and tools are: durability of measurements, reliability, manufacturability and cost-effectiveness. The listed requirements are interconnected and depend on the goals and object of diagnosis.

Table 1.

Methods and means of vehicle diagnostics

The task of diagnostic devices is the same, they are designed to provide the operator with maximum reliable information about the state of the engine systems. Their unity is limited by this, since the nature, composition and method of obtaining information of each of the devices are different. The diagnostic device used for electronic engine control systems is a scanner.

A scanner is a device that does not measure anything. The measuring work, including the processing of the results, is performed by the engine control unit, more precisely, the self—diagnosis system. Acting according to the program embedded in it by the developer, the self-diagnosis system monitors the engine by synthesis: it controls its key parameters, compares them with reference ones, analyzes deviations and stores the detected errors in memory.

The scanner provides the operator with access to the contents of the memory of the control unit. Using a communication program (exchange protocol), the scanner reads the stored information in digital form and displays it in a form suitable for analysis (text or graphic).

 With the help of the scanner, the operator receives no more information than is provided by the developer of the control system. That is, the capabilities of the scanner depend on what functions are programmatically embedded in the self-diagnosis system. Thus, the control system program can provide for reading the current parameters of the engine and its systems, testing the control system actuators, deleting error codes, reprogramming the control system.  The  scanner  allow s you to implement all these functions[2].

Hence, both the advantages and disadvantages of the scanner as a diagnostic tool become obvious. Using the scanner, the operator receives the results of the work performed for him by the self-diagnosis system. In most cases, this allows you to detect a malfunction as quickly as possible or make reliable assumptions about the direction of the search. The scanner allows you to successfully deal with sporadic malfunctions, of course, only if they are fixed in the memory of the control unit[1].

The information obtained using the scanner is also valuable because it allows you to look at the operation of the engine control system "through the eyes" of the control unit itself. After all, some of the parameters displayed by the scanner are nothing more than primary information, on the basis of which the control unit generates control actions. In case of failures in electronics, they may differ from the values measured directly, for example, using an oscilloscope. This can only be detected with a scanner[3].

In relation to our country, domestic scanners, manufactured for eight years by SPE(scientific and production enterprise) "New Technological Systems" (SPE "NTS"), have become widespread in the Russian market of automotive diagnostics and bench equipment for automotive electronic systems. Professional diagnostic scanners-testers DST-2M, DST-10, DST-8, DST-6T, the MT-2 and MT-4 Motor Tester program, adapters and set-top boxes to them are accepted by Auto-VAZ JSC as a universal diagnostic tool for servicing all engine control systems of VAZ, GAZ, UAZ cars. [7]

Domestic and imported scanners allow:

• Display ECU(electron control unit) parameters and EEMS device parameters in dynamics, view up to 16 parameters simultaneously both digitally and graphically. Simultaneous viewing of information from the ECU and EEMS devices is possible;

• Control the actuators of the engine during the display of parameters;

• Record information on a disk with sampling from 5 msk;

• Receive information about ECU errors, ECU, engine passports, calibrations, fuel supply coefficient tables;

• Conduct tests to determine mechanical losses, engine warm-up rate, cylinder balance, etc.;

• Maintain a database of customers, detected malfunctions; save graphs of parameters in the database;

• Automatically determine the type of ECU for VAZ and GAZ. [6]

Thus, the following can be said about the diagnostic tools currently used:

The method of obtaining and composition of information. Digital data on the parameters of the control system. Reading the contents of the memory of the control unit via the digital exchange bus[5].

Scope of application. Engines with control electronics with advanced self-diagnosis. A specialized device, the breadth of coverage by models depends on the software.

Dignities. The fastest possible detection of failures in the engine management system, including sporadic ones. The possibility of influencing the control system (code reset, special modes, reprogramming)[8].

Disadvantages. Low degree of versatility. The amount of information received is strictly limited by the capabilities of the self-diagnosis system.

References:

1. Adashboyevich, M. J., Qoviljanovich, I. S., Abduvali o’g’li, I. H., & Xabibullaevich, X. U. (2021). Modern Technology Of Surface Hardening Applied To Parts Of The Car. NVEO-NATURAL VOLATILES & ESSENTIAL OILS Journal| NVEO, 2673-2676.
2. Arinin I.N. Diagnostics of the technical condition of the car. - M.:
3. Fundamentals of technical diagnostics / P.P. Parkhomenko, V.V. Karibskiy, E.S. Soghomonyan, V.F. Khalchev. M., Energiya, 1976,462 p.
4. Miroshnikov  L.V. et al. Diagnostics of the technical condition of vehicles at motor transport enterprises. - M.: Transport, 1977.
5. Sarvar, I. (2021). Application of Intelligent Systems in Cars. International Journal of Innovative Analyses and Emerging Technology, 1(4).
6. Sarvar, I., Abdujalil, P., Temurmalik, A., & Jahongir, K. (2021). ОPERATING CONDITIONS OF TRUCKS AND THE SAFETY OF THE TRANSPORT PROCESS. Universum: технические науки, (6-5 (87)), 42-45.Transport, 1978. - 176 p.
7. Имомназаров, С. К., Абдуганиев, Ш. О., Рахимжонов, А. А., & Журабоев, Д. И. (2021). УЧАСТИЕ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОСТИ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ДВИЖЕНИЯ. Экономика и социум, (5-1), 939-942.
8. Разоков А.Я., Абдуганиев Ш.О. (2021). ДАТЧИК УРОВНЯ ТОПЛИВА. Универсум: технические науки, 12 (93), ISSN : 2311-5122 80-82