FUEL RESOURCES USED IN VEHICLES AS WELL AS THEIR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

ABSTRACT

Currently, there are about 800 million cars on the planet; by 2030, analysts predict a two-fold increase in cars, i.e. up to 1.6 billion cars. Significant growth rates of cars create an unfavorable ecological situation, especially in megacities. This leads to an increase in respiratory diseases, allergies, diseases of the circulatory system. According to statistics, 225,000 people die every year in Europe from exhaust-related diseases. According to the International Energy Agency, CO2 emissions from the transport sector of the world's economy are 26%, with road transport accounting for 73.5%.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В настоящее время на планете насчитывается порядка 800 млн. автомобилей, к 2030 г. аналитики прогнозируют двух кратное увеличение автомобилей, т.е. до 1,6 млрд. автомобилей. Значительные темпы роста автомобилей создают неблагоприятную экологическую ситуацию особенно в мегаполисах. Это приводит к росту заболеваний дыхательных путей, аллергии, заболеваний кровеносной системы. По статистике, 225 тысяч человек ежегодно умирает в Европе от заболеваний связанных с выхлопными газами. По данным Международного энергетического агентства выбросы СО₂ транспортным сектором экономики в мире составляют 26%, причем на автомобильный транспорт приходиться 73,5%.

Keywords: resources, lubricating materials, electric energy, thermal energy, engine oil, cylinder, piston, power.

Ключевые слова: двигатель, вибрации, камера сгорания, неисправный фильтр, воздушный фильтр.

Pollution of the atmosphere (with skis, soot, fumes and other solid particles as well as poisonous gases) also has a negative effect on the human body. Eksex control as one of the most important elements of motor transport activity has also been studied since 2016. The purpose of this article is to investigate the causes of air pollution by means of vehicles transporti and methods with a view to reducing the concentration of harmful substances in the atmosphere, the information obtained from various sources [4,5,6,14,17] and the causes and consequences of air pollution by reference vehicles. Currently, approximately 80% is the total amount of harmful substances released by vehicles. Vehicles pollute the atmosphere with exhaust gasestiradi these consist of solid particles, petroleum products and other toxic substances. As the number of vehicles increases, harmful substances entering the atmosphere continue to increase slightly [16].  As a result, harmful dust, dry matter, and toxic gases accumulate in the human body.

 About 25 kg of dust is inhaled over a lifetime. All these harmful substances accumulate in the human body, leading to disruption of the human body and blood pressure. As a result, such methods of solving the problem of reducing the amount of contaminants come to the face. Until the middle of the twentieth century, the result of the attention of mankind to the environment was very low, as a result of industrialization, no measures were taken to improve the environment and its. Only in the 60-ies of the last century people understood that human life depends on the state of the environment. As a result, over the years in the modern world, the amount of harmful substances in the soil, water and air has increased. In large cities, the main source of harmful substances in the atmosphere is poisonous substances coming out of the car engine. According to some information,[1,5,6,7,15,16] air pollutants make up 50-80% of the population. In the modern world, due to the constant development of technology and the relaxation of the process, the production of Motor Vehicles is constantly growing. On average, each family has 1-2 cars. As a result of the dense location of the people mainly in the cities, transportation of the entire territory of the city is provided, and as a result of this, the outflow of harmful substances into the environment occurs. Some of these substances accumulate on the road surfaces, others rise into the air and accumulate in the atmosphere, falling with precipitation and polluting soil and water. The increase in the concentration of toxic substances by cars in the courtyards and corridors of buildings with a direct proximity of motorways to residential buildings is considered to be in places where people live. That is why atmospheric air pollution remains a pressing problem at the moment. The way to solve this problem is that the introduction of a new technology should establish its operation in such technologies as the replacement of gasoline-powered engines with gas or other types of fuels to electric-powered engines, or the replacement of other alternative types of carbon dioxide gases that go out into the environment when building new cities or existing ones. It was introduced by the following foreign researchers who contributed greatly to the study of atmospheric air pollution of cars and roads: the study of the concentration of substances emitted into the atmosphere by cars can be obtained on the scale of large cities and countries[1,8,9,10,11,2,12,3]. In many states, the problem of pollution of harmful gases emanating from the means of transport of atmospheric air was studied as a result of research by the following state scientists: Russia (Irkutsk, Kazan, Kerch, Chita, Penza), Germany (Kiel), Mongolia (Ulan-Bator). Air pollution from motor vehicles is considered to be a waste [2,12,3,13]. Scientists in this state, based on the data obtained, most often based on the negative impact of detected vehicles on atmospheric air. In Russian cities, pollution of the atmosphere with harmful substances is considered to be the main means of transport with a share. The landscapes surrounding the car and the harmful substances near the road complex, which are immune to the works of authors who have determined the interconnectedness of the landscape concentration, help to clean the air. A common part of the harmful substances released into the environment are contained in atmospheric air near highways. Air pollution with the internal combustion engine emissions of cars the connection between the location and the plane of the horizontal road surface and prevents the release of pollutants into the atmosphere from the car and Road complex[1,5,7]. According to the results of the analysis, the high-speed type of motor vehicles and the changing density of the road climate conditions also play an important role in the location of the lanes on the roadside. Cars work on fuel consisting of a large number of petroleum products, which, when released into the atmosphere, cause damage to the environment. Most of them work on gasoline and diesel engines this type of fuel is prepared as a result of oil refining and does not burn completely in the engine as a result of which completely non-combustible harmful substances are pushed into the environment. 1-the picture shows the connection of the light car's uglerod oxide emissions to the speed of its movements.

Figure 1. Dynamics of pollution of atmospheric air with vehicles

Figure 2. Dynamics of the release of pollutants from motor vehicles

Table 1.

Shows the dynamics of changes in harmful substances 2005-2016 years

La quantità di rifiuti durante il movimento e la manutenzione dei veicoli a motore è distribuita come segue: movimento dei veicoli - 66,57-68,91%; ispezione di manutenzione (MOT) e riparazione di automobili - 17,87-20,4%; produzione collarilg'i - 11,02 - 11,41%; produzione di materiali per la manutenzione e la riparazione - 1,8-2,06%.

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