LIGHTING OF INDUSTRIAL PREMISES IN THE LOCOMOTIVE DEPO

ABSTRACT

The results of the lighting calculation of artificial lighting of the department for on the repair of electrical and electronic equipment in the locomotive depot are presented. The numerical values of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the specified lighting are obtained in the form of tabular data, graphical and analytical dependencies, which are recommended for use in the design of objects of the locomotive complex.

AННОТАЦИЯ

Приведены результаты светотехнического расчёта искусственного освещения отделения по ремонту электрической и электронной аппаратуры в локомотивном депо. Численные значения количественных и качественных показателей указанного освещения получены в виде табличных данных, графических и аналитических зависимостей, которые рекомендуются для использования при проектировании объектов локомотивного комплекса.

Keywords: lighting installation, luminous flux, lighting, indicators, calculation, department, qualitative, quantitative.

Ключевые слова: осветительная установка, световой поток, освещение, показатели, расчёт, отделение, качественный, количественный.

For lighting industrial and office buildings, including railway transport enterprises, natural light and light from artificial lighting sources are used.

There are the following types of lighting [1]:

- natural lighting created by direct sunlight and diffused by the light of the sky;

- artificial lighting created by light sources;

- combined lighting, in which natural lighting, which is insufficient according to the norms, is supplemented by artificial lighting.

According to the design, artificial lighting can be of two types - general and combined.

General lighting is used in industrial premises, where the same type of work is carried out over the entire area (foundry, welding, galvanizing shops), as well as in administrative, office and warehouse premises.

When performing precise visual work (plumbing, turning) in places where the equipment creates deep sharp shadows or work surfaces are located vertically (stamps, guillotine shears), along with general lighting, local lighting is used.

Combined lighting - there is a combination of local and general lighting. The system of general artificial lighting is performed by ceiling or pendant lamps placed parallel to the light openings.

According to the functional purpose, artificial lighting is divided into working, emergency and special, which can be security, duty, evacuation, erythema, bactericidal, signal and other types.

This work was carried out in parallel with the study [2] and is due to the study of the organization of artificial lighting at the locomotive repair and linear enterprises of JSC "O'zbekiston temir yo'llari".

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the layout characteristics of enterprises (objects) on the quantitative and qualitative indicators of artificial lighting on the example of one of the repair departments of the traction rolling stock of the main locomotive depot.

It should be noted that the main task of lighting calculations for artificial lighting is to determine the required power of an electric lighting installation to create a given illumination.

In the future, we will agree on the number of light sources (lamps) N (pcs) and the power of the lighting installation P_lig.in  (kW) to be attributed to quantitative indicators, and of the calculated luminous flux Ф_est (lm), which the lamps in each lamp should emit and their actual illumination E_act (lx), to qualitative indicators. In this case, the location of light sources and the geometric dimensions of the buildings (structures) under study will be referred to the layout characteristics of these buildings.

To achieve this goal, based on the method of calculating the illumination, taking into account the coefficient of use of the luminous flux [3], we determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of artificial lighting according to the condition of the problem [4], varying the area of the department for the repair of electrical and electronic equipment of locomotives by changing the length department, leaving its width constant.

The luminous flux utilization coefficient K_us is the ratio of the actual luminous flux Ф_act to the value of the calculated luminous flux Ф_est, necessary to ensure normalized illumination E_n, that is, K_us = Ф_est / Ф_act.

In the table 1, using the calculation method and recommendations [4], omitting intermediate arithmetic calculations and reasoning, we present the final results of lighting calculations for incandescent lamps of the G125-135-200 type.

Table 1

Indicators of artificial lighting of the workshop for the repair of electrical and electronic equipment of locomotives

According to Table 1 we build graphic dependences , ,  and  presented in Fig. 1, which depict the nature of the change in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of artificial lighting, depending on the area of the department for the repair of electrical and electronic equipment of locomotives.

It can be seen that the dynamics of changes in the luminous flux and illumination with an increase in the area of the illuminated room is described by a curvilinear dependence, and the number and power of lighting means are characterized by a linear dependence.

Based on the generalization and analysis of the results performed by the authors of the calculations, analytical dependencies were obtained that describe the nature of the change in artificial lighting indicators depending on the geometric dimensions of the object under study, taking into of account of the layout of light sources.

Figure 1. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of artificial lighting of the investigated repair facility

1. For the number of light sources - , when K₁ = 0,111 pcs/m² and  N_lig.in = 4 pcs.

2. Для мощности осветительной установки , when K₂ = 0,0222 kW/m² and P_lig.in = 0,8 kW.

3. For the of calculated luminous flux of the lamp. We divide the graphical dependence of the calculated luminous flux on the area of the illuminated room into three zones (zone I - S₁ = 114 ... 216 m², zone II - S₂ = 216 ... 288 m² and zone III - S₃ = 288 m²) taking into account the assumption of the linear nature of the change in the calculated luminous flux of the lamp.

Therefore we have:

 when K₃ = 6,18 lm/m² and lm;

 when K₄ = 2,444 lm/m² and lm;

 when K₅ = 0,7535 lm/m² and lm.

4. The actual illumination of the lamp in the considered range of areas varies according to a curvilinear law and, with an increase in the latter by a factor of four, it also increases, approximately by 32.77 percent.

Thus, the graphical and analytical dependences obtained by the authors can be used to predict the parameters of quantitative and qualitative indicators of artificial lighting at the design stage of railway transport facilities, as well as buildings of industrial enterprises.

Reference:

1. Belyakov G. I. Occupational health and safety: a textbook for secondary vocational education / G. I. Belyakov. - 3rd ed., revised and additional - Moscow: Yurayt Publishing House, 2019. - 404 p.
2. Ablyalimov O. S. On the study of artificial lighting at railway transport enterprises [Text] / O. S. Ablyalimov, I. R. Kayumov // VIII-th interuniversity scientific and practical conference "Young scientific researcher" / Tashkent Institute . eng. railway transport. - Tashkent, 2010. - pp. 85 - 87.
3. Normatov Sh. N., Tulyagankhodzhaeva M. B. Calculation of artificial lighting in industrial premises [Text] / Sh. N. Normatov, M. B. Tulyagankhodzhaeva // Methodological guidelines for graduation design. Part II / Tashkent in-t. eng. railway transport. - Tashkent, 1987. - 31 p.
4. Ablyalimov O. S. Calculation of illumination in the industrial premises of the locomotive depot [Text] / O. S. Ablyalimov, M. M. Topilov // VIII-th interuniversity scientific and practical conference "Young scientific researcher" / Tashkent in-t. eng. railway transport. - Tashkent, 2010. - pp. 71 - 73.