PEDAGOGY OF THE PAST AND THE FUTURE: THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF EDUCATION

ABSTRACT

This article examines the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, focusing on the shift from traditional pedagogical models to advanced digital learning environments. It explores core theoretical frameworks, the evolving role of educators, and the opportunities and challenges associated with AI integration in educational contexts. Emphasis is placed on balancing technological innovation with humanistic pedagogical values and fostering sustainable educational practices. The methodology combines qualitative literature review and comparative analysis of contemporary AI applications in education. The findings contribute to understanding how AI reshapes teaching and learning processes and offers insights for researchers, educators, and policymakers engaged in educational innovation.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье анализируется влияние искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) на педагогическую теорию и практику в контексте перехода от традиционных образовательных моделей к новым цифровым формам обучения. Раскрываются ключевые концепции образовательной трансформации, эволюция роли преподавателя, а также вызовы и перспективы интеграции ИИ в образовательную среду.Подчеркивается важность сохранения гуманистических ценностей в эпоху цифровых изменений и необходимость переосмысления педагогических подходов для устойчивого развития образования. Методологический базис включает качественный анализ литературных источников и сравнительный анализ практик внедрения ИИ. Статья ориентирована на научных исследователей, педагогов и разработчиков образовательных систем.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; education transformation; pedagogy; digital learning; teacher role.

Ключевые слова: искусственный интеллект; трансформация образования; педагогика; цифровое обучение; роль преподавателя.

Introduction

Education has historically evolved in response to cultural, technological, and societal changes [1]. The integration of information technologies in education during the late 20th century initiated a profound transformation in pedagogical paradigms [5]. Today, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a pivotal force reshaping not only educational tools but also core teaching and learning processes. This article investigates how AI transforms pedagogy, redefining the roles of educators and learners in a rapidly digitizing world.

Relevance

The acceleration of digital technologies in education calls for renewed theoretical and practical frameworks to understand the implications of AI adoption [7]. Traditional pedagogical models—rooted in instructor-led, uniform delivery of knowledge—face limitations when addressing diverse learner needs in complex, data-rich environments [2]. AI provides adaptive learning platforms, intelligent tutoring, and data-driven insights, which promise personalized educational experiences. The relevance of this study lies in examining these transitions critically, ensuring that innovations align with educational values and human development goals.

Research Aim

The primary aim of this research is to analyze the transformative impact of artificial intelligence on pedagogy, with a focus on conceptual shifts in teaching practices, learner engagement, and educational outcomes. Specifically, the study seeks to:

• Investigate theoretical frameworks that contextualize AI within educational transformations.
• Identify how AI reshapes the role and identity of educators.
• Explore opportunities and challenges of integrating AI in learning environments.

Methodology

This research is grounded in a qualitative analysis of academic literature, policy reports, and case studies published between 2015 and 2025. Sources include peer-reviewed journals, monographs, and conference proceedings [4]. A thematic analysis approach was applied to identify key patterns in pedagogical changes associated with AI adoption. Comparative analysis was also used to highlight differences in educational practices across diverse contexts [9].

Theoretical Foundations of AI in Education

1. Historical Development of Educational Technology

The evolution of educational technology has progressed from basic instructional aids to complex, interactive systems [8]. Early digital learning tools primarily supported content delivery, whereas current AI-powered applications extend to predictive analytics and real-time feedback.

2. AI as Pedagogical Agent

AI systems are increasingly conceptualized as pedagogical agents capable of facilitating learning through adaptive instruction and personalized feedback [11]. This challenges traditional human-centered teaching models and raises critical questions about agency, autonomy, and ethics in education.

Transformation of Teaching and Learning

1. Redefining the Role of Teachers

The integration of AI repositions teachers from information transmitters to learning facilitators and mentors [6]. Educators are expected to interpret data outputs, design AI-enhanced curricula, and provide socio-emotional support to learners.

2. Personalized Learning and Learner Agency

AI enables personalization at scale by adapting content based on learner profiles, performance, and preferences [3]. Personalized learning pathways promote autonomy and engagement, yet also raise concerns regarding data privacy and algorithmic bias.

Ethical and Practical Challenges

1. Equity and Access

While AI holds potential for democratizing education, disparities in access to technology may exacerbate existing inequalities [10]. Ensuring equitable infrastructure and inclusive design is a priority for sustainable educational innovation.

2. Data Privacy and Security

The use of learner data in AI applications necessitates robust privacy safeguards [12]. Ethical frameworks and regulatory compliance must guide the collection, storage, and use of educational data.

Conclusion

Artificial intelligence represents a significant turning point in the evolution of pedagogy, offering transformative potential while demanding careful consideration of ethical, social, and professional implications. AI-enhanced learning environments can support personalized education, enrich teacher roles, and foster learner agency. However, realizing these benefits requires equitable access, robust ethical standards, and continued research into pedagogical integration. Future educational policies and practices should balance innovative technologies with enduring humanistic values to achieve meaningful and just educational transformation.

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