Analysis of Acridotheres tristis spring food composition

ABSTRACT

The article provides an analysis of the spring-season feed spectrum of Acridotheres tristis and its diversity in terms of biotopes, as well as the issues of Acridotheres tristis's participation in trophic relations. The nutrient content of a total of 81 mayonnaises was analyzed during the spring season (23 on March, 34 in April, and 24 in May). The total bodyweight of the brain, the total weight of the stomach, and the nutrient weights in the stomach tend to increase from March to May. The increase in total body weight was directly proportional to the increase in the number of nutrients in the stomach and its contents, with an average weight gain of 44.8% in May compared to March, 42.8% of stomach weight and 85% of stomach weight, respectively.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье представлен анализ весенне-сезонного кормового спектра Acridotheres tristis и его разнообразия с точки зрения биотопов, а также вопросы участия Acridotheres tristis в трофических отношениях. Содержание питательных веществ в общей сложности в 81 майонезе было проанализировано в течение весеннего сезона (23 марта, 34 апреля и 24 мая). Общий вес мозга, общий вес желудка и вес питательных веществ в желудке, как правило, увеличиваются с марта по май. Увеличение общей массы тела было прямо пропорционально увеличению количества питательных веществ в желудке и его содержимом, со средним увеличением веса на 44,8% в мае по сравнению с мартом, 42,8% веса желудка и 85% веса желудка, соответственно.

Keywords: insect, stomach, agrocenosis, plant, animal wheat, barley, corn, millet.

Ключевые слова: насекомое, желудок, агроценоз, растение, животное пшеница, ячмень, кукуруза, просо.

Introduction: Materials for studying the nutritional spectrum of Acridotheres tristis In the spring of 2010-2020 in Bukhara and Karakul oases Peshko, Konimex, Kyzyltepa Dengizkul, Mubarek district, Karavulbozor, Karakir lake, Gazli, Zafarabad, Ayoqogitma, biotopes (settlements, water, agrots from the coastal zone of the basins and pastures).

Materials and methods: G.A Novikov, 1953, and Malchevsky, 1976 methods were used to determine the nutrient content of the brain [1; 2; 5; 6; 7]. It used 16-calibre hunting rifles, GAMO air rifles and synthetic fishing nets. Stomachs isolated from adult brains were stored in the laboratory with fixation to 5% formalin. Data on the total weight of the stomach, the amount and type of nutrients in them were studied in the Laboratory of Human and Animal Physiology of Bukhara State University. Appropriate identifiers were used to identify insects and other nutrients in the feed [3; 4].

Result and Discussion: Along with their nutritional composition, total body and stomach masses were also studied (Table 1). The total bodyweight of the brain, the total weight of the stomach, and the nutrient weights in the stomach tend to increase from March to May. The increase in total body weight was directly proportional to the increase in the number of nutrients in the stomach and its contents, with an average weight gain of 44.8% in May compared to March, 42.8% of stomach weight and 85% of stomach weight, respectively.

Table 1.

In the spring, the body weight, stomach and nutrient weight of.

the brain (n = 81)

The total bodyweight of the brain, the total weight of the stomach, and the nutrient weights in the stomach tend to increase from March to May. The increase in total body weight was directly proportional to the increase in the amount of nutrients in the stomach and its contents, with an average weight gain of 44.8% in May compared to March, 42.8% of stomach weight and 85% of stomach weight, respectively.

Information on the frequency of occurrence of nutrients in the stomachs of different agrocenoses, shores of water basins and pastures caught in the meadows, the amount of occurrence in each stomach of the feed type, the total amount of nutrients in the studied stomachs are given in Tables 2-3. A total of 59 lizards from different agrocenoses (cotton, winter wheat, alfalfa, private plots of the population) were caught and the nutrient content in the stomach was studied (Table 2).

Table 2.

Nutritional composition of mites (n = 59) hunted from agrocenoses in spring

In the studied stomachs, the occurrence of body parts of plants and animals belonging to 55 species was detected. Of these, 43 animal species (including larvae) (78%) and 12 plant species (22%). Balkh smoke from plant foods has the highest rate of occurrence (12, 20.33%) and total number (58, 4.89%). The incidence and the total number of harmful insects from animal food species were found to be high (23, 38.98% and 161, 13.58%, respectively). In the spring, 22 mines were caught to study the nutrient content from the shores of water bodies and pastures (Table 3). Only animal feed belonging to 26 species was found in their stomachs. In terms of frequency of encounters, locusts (13, 59.0%), black ants (77, 16.27%) were found to be the leaders in terms of the total number of feeders.

Table 3.

The nutritional content of nipples (n = 22) hunted on the banks of water basins and pastures in spring

The nutrients found in the stomachs of lizards in the spring (Table 3) are of 59 species, which can be divided into 2 groups. The diversity of animal feeds is large in terms of quantity (1420 objects), accounting for 85.6% of the total feed. Mines also feed on seeds of various plants in the spring. Their content in the feed (238 objects) is 14.4% of the total feed (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Distribution of nutrients in groups in the spring

A large number of types and amounts of animal-specific nutrients have been observed in the diet, which can be explained by the fact that during the breeding season the brain feeds relatively much with insects, the fruits they feed on are not ripe, and so on. By studying the composition of the stomach and observing its nutrition, it was determined that in the spring months, the lizards feed on 4 species of vertebrates (fish fry, frog and frog larvae, lizard body parts). In particular, in May 2011 in Karakul district was found a lizard that was half-eaten from 4 nests of lizards. In June 2014, fish fry in the pond was observed to feed on frogs and frog larvae in May 2013 and May 2017, respectively. In May 2014, it was discovered that the chicks were feeding the chicks with frog larvae.

It should be noted that the frequency of occurrence of grain products (wheat, barley, corn, millet, etc.) in the stomachs of mines hunted from the villages is relatively high, and this situation is observed in all seasons of the year. This can be explained by the fact that lizards feed on mixed fodder given to livestock and poultry and have direct trophic contact with them. The nutrient spectrum of the brain is very wide, characterized by seasonal variability of nutrient composition, in which there is an abundance of products of anthropogenic origin. The uneven distribution of insects, which form the basis of food, indifferent agrocenoses is also reflected in the complication of trophic relationships.

Conclusion: It can be said that in the spring, the lizards feed on agrocenoses, pests that damage agricultural and fodder crops on the banks of water bodies and pastures, participate in the biological control of pests. The brain is a useful species for recorded biocenoses.

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