NEMATODES OF THE SUBCLASS Adenophore IN PEANUTS PLANTS IN THE SOUTHERN OF UZBEKISTAN

ABSTRACT

As a result of research, 1056 individuals belonging to 33 species of the subclass Adenophorea were found in peanut roots and the soil around the roots; 3 species of nematodes were recorded in the peanut root, and 33 species of nematodes were recorded in the soil around the roots. According to the level of dominance of the number of individuals of the identified nematode species (Kasprzak va Niedbala, 1981), no eudominant and subrecedent species were noted in this subclass. It was noted that 4 species of nematodes are dominant, 15 are subdominant and 14 are recedent species.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В результате исследований в корнях арахиса и почве вокруг корней обнаружено 1056 особей, принадлежащих к 33 видам подкласса Adenophorea, в корне арахиса зарегистрировано 3 вида нематод, а в почве около корня - 33 вида нематод. По уровню доминирования численности особей выявленных видов нематод (Kasprzak вa Niedbala, 1981) в этом подклассе не отмечены эудоминант и субрецедентные виды. Отмечено, что 4 вида нематод являются доминантными, 15 – субдоминант и 14 – рецедент видами.

Keywords: root, soil, phytonematodes, peanuts, fauna, dominance. Surkhandarya region.

Ключевые слова: корень, почва, фитонематоды, арахис, фауна, доминирование. Сурхандарьинской область.

Introduction.Today, expansion of agricultural production on a global scale, protection of cultivated plants from various pests and diseases, identification of organisms that harm them is one of the urgent issues. In particular, in recent years, damage to cultivated plants by phytonematodes and the rate of crop loss in different countries range from 25% to 70%, and the damage caused is estimated to be approximately 100 billion per year[3, p. 333-338]. Based on these tasks, determination of species composition, distribution, ecology and characteristics of seasonal changes under the influence of environmental factors of nematodes found in the peanut plant, which is an agricultural crop in Uzbekistan, including the Surkhandarya region, and the fight against parasitic species important to develop measures.

Materials and methods. Phytohelminthological faunistic studies 2020-2023, a total of 472 samples were collected from the root and peri-root soil of peanut plants using the route method from 28 farms belonging to 13 districts of Surkhandarya region[2, 100.04006]. These samples were first visually inspected at the scientific laboratory of Helminthology at the Department of Zoology of Termiz State University, and nematodes were isolated from the soil and root samples using Berman's funnel method, calculated from classical phytohelminthological methods[4, p. 304-308]. The isolated nematodes were fixed with a 4% formalin solution. In order to determine the species composition of nematodes and morphometric analysis, 330 temporary and 1120 permanent preparations were prepared based on the Seinhorst method[5, p. 67-69]. N-300M trinocular microscope, as well as nematode identifiers and atlases were used to determine the type and gender of nematodes. De Man's formula adopted by most researchers and modified by Mikoletsky was used to determine the size of nematodes[2, p. 1-104]. In our work, we used the system of phytonematodes developed by A. A. Paramonov on the basis of evolutionary morphology and ecological-morphological analysis methods[6, p.3-11; 7, p.338-369; 8, p. 480; 9, p. 179-238].

Results and Discussion As a result of the research, 33 types of nematodes belonging to the Adenophorea subclass were identified in the root of the peanut plant and the soil around the root (Table 1).

Table 1.

Distribution of nematodes in the root of peanut plant and the soil around it

1056 individuals belonging to 33 species of Adenophorea subclass were found in peanut root and soil around the root, 3 nematode species were recorded in peanut root and 33 nematode species in the soil near the root. The degree of dominance of the number of individuals of identified nematode species was studied (Kasprzak and Niedbala, 1981). According to the level of dominance, eudominant and subrecedent species were not recorded in this subclass. 4 species of nematodes, such as Prismatolaimus intermedius, Mesodorylaimus bastiani, Eudorylaimus centrocercus, and Xiphinema pachtaicum are the dominant species. 15 species of nematodes, namely, such as Prismatolaimus dolichurus, Clarcus papillatus, Mylonchulus incurvus, M. sigmaturus, Eudorylaimus pratensis, E. acuticaudata, E. kirjanovae, Aporcelaimellus obscurus, Xiphinema diversicaudatum, X. elongatum, Discolaimium gracile, Alaimus primitivus, Diphtherophora communis, Monhystera africana, M.tenuissima are subdominant species. 14 species of nematodes were, namely, Mononchus truncatus, Dorylaimus stagnalis, Paradorylaimus filliformis, Mesodorylaimus parasubulatus, M.bastianoides, Longidorella parva, Discolaimium conura, Tylencholaimus virgil, Nygolaimus brachyuris, Diphtherophora vanoyei, Anaplectus granulosus, Proteroplectus parvus, Gymnolaimus exilis, Monhystera villosa was noted that nematode species are recedent species.

Conclusion. In our study, Eudorylaimus centrocercus was the most common species in the subclass Adenophorea in terms of the number of individuals in the groundnut root and root soil, while the least common species was Anaplectus granulosus, and both of these species were found only in the roots it was noted that it was found in the soil. According to the level of dominance, eudominant and subrecedent species were not recorded in this subclass. 4 species of nematodes were dominant, 15 species were subdominant and 14 species were recedent species. 

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