INTERACTIONS OF MONOETHANOLAMMONIUM MONOSUBSTITUTED ACETIC ACID WITH POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

ABSTRACT

The mutual influence of the components in the CH₃COOH·H₂NC₂H₄OH –KCI–H₂O system, studied by the isomolar series method, showed that the isotherms of crystallization temperature, viscosity, density and pH of the medium revealed branches of the existence of the original components and new chemical compounds.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Взаимное влияние компонентов в системе СН₃СООН·H₂NC₂H₄OH –KCI–H₂O, изученное методом изомолярных серий показало, что на изотермах температуры кристаллизации, вязкости, плотности и рН среды выявлены ветви существования исходных компонентов и новых химических соединений.

Keywords: Physiologically active substances, liquid fertilizers, potassium chloride, monosubstituted monoethanolammonium acetate.

Ключевые слова: Физиологически активные вещества, жидкое удобрения, хлорид калия, однозамещенный уксуснокислый моноэтаноламмоний.

The significance of the study lies in the fact that the growth of the world population leads to an increase in demand for basic food products while simultaneously reducing the resource of free global arable land per person, which necessitates the intensification of agriculture, the development and implementation of new technologies. As a result, the needs of agricultural producers for mineral fertilizers are growing, and their quality characteristics are also changing [1].

As is known, the coefficient of nutrient utilization by plants for phosphorus does not exceed 15-20%, for nitrogen and potassium - 40-50%.

As is known, the coefficient of nutrient utilization by plants for phosphorus does not exceed 15-20%, for nitrogen and potassium - 40-50%. One of the ways to increase the yield of agricultural crops and increase the efficiency of fertilizers is to introduce physiologically active substances into their composition [2].

Physiologically active substances have a beneficial effect on the growth, development and fruiting of plants, significantly increase resistance to various diseases and improve product quality [3,4].

To obtain high yields with good qualities, physiologically active substances (auxins, kinins, gibberelenes, succinic acid, monoethanolamine, thiocarbamide and others) are widely used today. One of them is monosubstituted monoethanolammonium acetate , which is a physiologically active substance. As noted in the literature review, monoethanolamine and its derivatives in the composition of preparations enhance the effect of the active components, while simultaneously eliminating the negative effects of the preparations on plants. It has been established that when monoethanolamine reacts with acetic acid, monosubstituted monoethanol ammonium acetate is formed [5,6].

Potassium chloride is one of the most popular basic fertilizers in private farming. This is due to the availability and speed of migration in the soil compared to other potash plants, which makes it possible to promptly feed annuals with potassium chloride during the season. However, the same speed of migration and the presence of chlorine ions, which are contraindicated for many garden crops, require the use of potassium chloride with caution. Potassium chloride can be used to feed plants that do not like chlorine, such as potatoes, carrots, pumpkins and others, you just need to know how and when.

At the same time, potassium chloride, which contains up to 47% chlorine, is used as a source of potassium in most industrially produced complex fertilizers [7].

Depending on the type and quality of various chemical compounds (microelements, physiologically active substances) introduced into the potassium fertilizer KCI, its efficiency can be increased. In this regard, it was necessary to study the mutual influence of the components in a system consisting of monosubstituted monoethanoammonium acetate, the results of which can serve as a physicochemical basis for the technology for producing new liquid nitrogen fertilizers containing a physiologically active substance.

Target. In order to theoretically substantiate the process of producing fertilizer based on potassium chloride containing PAS, the mutual influence of the components in the CH₃COOH·H₂NC₂H₄OH–KSI–H₂O system was studied in a wide temperature and concentration range using the isomolar series method [8].

For the study, the starting components were potassium chloride, recrystallized from an aqueous solution, grade “pure grade”, monosubstituted monoethanol ammonium acetate, synthesized on the basis of acetic acid and monoethanolamine taken in a molar ratio of 1:1 [6].

Research methods. To establish the mechanism of interaction of potassium chloride with monosubstituted monoethanolammonium acetate, the system potassium chloride – monosubstituted monoethanolammonium acetate – water was studied using the isomolar series method. For this purpose, the concentration of aqueous solutions of potassium chloride and monosubstituted monoethanolammonium acetate was 2 mol/l. All measurements were carried out in a water thermostat at (20±0.1)°C [8].

The kinematic viscosity of solutions was determined using a capillary viscometer VPZh-2 with a capillary diameter of 1.16-2.75 mm. The accuracy of the results is ±0.0001·10-1 m2/s [9].

Relative density was determined by the pycnometric method. To determine the density, the pycnometers were filled with distilled water, thermostated at 20°C and weighed. Knowing the weight of a dry pycnometer, the density of water at 20°C, the weight of a filled pycnometer, and its volume was calculated. Weighing was carried out with an accuracy of ±0.00005 g. The results are presented with an accuracy of ±0.1 kg/m3 [10]. The pH of the solutions was measured according to the method on a METTLER TOLEDO FE 20/FG pH meter [11]. The crystallization temperatures, viscosity, density and pH of the solution environment of this system were determined depending on the ratio of the components. (1. Table)

Table 1.

Changing the properties of the system in molar ratio

Based on the data obtained, a “composition-properties” diagram of the system CH₃COOH·H₂NC₂H₄OH–КСI–H₂O was constructed. Laying the properties (density, pH of the medium, viscosity and crystallization temperature) on the ordinate axis, and the compositions of solutions on the abscissa. It has been established that in isomolar solutions a compound with a molar ratio is not formed. On the isotherms of the refractive index, density, viscosity and pH of the composition-property diagram of the studied system, one bend is observed, corresponding to the branches of existence of the initial components. According to the diagram, it occurs in the concentration range of 70.0÷30.0% CH₃COOH·H₂NC₂H₄OH and KCI substances are present together.

Conclusion. The mutual influence of the components in the CH₃COOH·H₂NC₂H₄OH –KCI–H₂O system, studied by the isomolar series method, showed that the isotherms of crystallization temperature, viscosity, density and pH of the medium revealed branches of the existence of the original components and new chemical compounds.

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