INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF IONITES BASED ON ORTHOPHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS

ABSTRACT

In the practical experiments of this research work, ionites forming complex compounds based on orthophosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and polyethylene polyamine were obtained and the IR spectrum indicators of the obtained ionites were studied. Ionites, which forms these complex compounds obtained during laboratory experiments, used as a sorbent in the extraction of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from wastewater that is released during industrial production. The results were analyzed.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В практических экспериментах данной исследовательской работы были получены иониты, образующие комплексные соединения на основе ортофосфорной кислоты, пентаэритрит и полиэтиленполиамина а также изучены показатели ИК-спектра полученных ионитов. Ионит, который образует эти комплексные соединения, полученные в ходе лабораторных экспериментов, использовался в качестве сорбента при извлечении CU(II) и Zn(II) из сточных вод, которые выделяются при промышленном производстве. Полученные результаты были проанализированы.

Keywords: orthophosphoric acid, complex compounds, ionites, IR spectroscopy, sorbent.

Ключевые слова: ортофосфорная кислота, комплексные соединения, ионит, ИК-спектроскопия, сорбент.

Introduction. Ligands immobilized in a polymer matrix are widely used as sorbents in hydrometallurgy in the concentration of various metal ions, neutralization of waste solutions containing heavy metal ions [1-2]. Recently, industrial-scale production of complex-forming polymers and polymer matrices with ion-exchange properties has been underway. In particular, this is achieved by polycondensation, polymerization and copolymerization of monomers trapped by various functional groups in industrial methods for the production of polymer ligands [3].

In this research work, ionites forming complex compounds were obtained in the presence of orthophosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and polyethylene diamine. The obtained indicators of the ionite IR spectrum were analyzed.

Methods and materials.  For practical experiments on the production of ionites forming complex compounds, a three-neck flask equipped with a thermometer and a mechanical mixer was obtained. In a mechanically mixed state, 50 g of orthophosphoric acid and 100 g of pentaerythritol (substances of the technical level according to GOST 13867-68) [4] were placed in the flask. The mixture was heated to a temperature of 130-150°C with mechanical stirring for 2 hours. The result was a light yellow whitish and greasy substance with a pH=5 value. In the next step of the experiment, 5 gr of polyethylenpoliamine was added to the mixture obtained. These chemical compositions were heated to a temperature of 130^oС-140^oС for 1.5 hours in a mixed state. At the end of the experiment, a pH=7-valued substance was obtained. The mass fraction of substances was determined on Mettler toledo electronic scales.

In the course of practical experiments, IR spectrum indicators (IRAffinity-1S (SHIMADZU)) were analyzed in order to study the location of functional groups in the composition of the resulting chemical compound [5-6].

Results and discussion. First of all, at the first stage of practical experiments, the indicators of the IR spectrum of esters formed by organic compounds of orthophosphoric acid formed as a result of pentaerythritol and orthophosphoric acid reaction were studied.

It was found that the absorption lines characteristic of the spectrum indicators IR 2806-2895 cm-1 and 1465 cm-1 are characteristic of CH₂ groups in the fields. At the same time, it was analyzed that in the absorption areas of 3400 and 2890 cm^-1 CН₂-OH clusters have characteristic lines. It was found that the absorption regions of 1132-1373 cm^-1 have intensity values of P=O, C-O and C-OH characteristic of the group, while the absorption regions of 846-970 cm^-1 were found to be group-specific for (RO)₃ and P-O-C (Fig 1).

Figure 1. Indicators of IR spectra of ether obtained on the basis of pentaerythritol and orthophosphoric acid

The parameters of the IR spectrum of the complexing ionites obtained at the second stage of the practical experiment were analyzed, and it was found that they are equal. In particular, - CH₂ - was detected in the areas of 2806-2895 cm^-1 and 1465.90 cm^-1, which are characteristic of the watch guru. It was also found that the absorption regions of 1361-1253 cm^-1 contain P=O groups, 964-1031 cm^-1 and 1136 cm^-1 –C-C -C-N - and C-O - groups with a certain intensity.

The descriptive (RO)₃P and P-O-C functional groups of ionites under study were identified in the 867-893 cm^-1 and 964 cm^-1 absorption areas.

Specific for polyethylene polyamide are the amino group -NH in the absorption lines 752-813 cm^-1, the group- -R₂NH in the absorption lines 1558-1653 cm^-1, the group CH₂-N in the absorption areas 1394-1456 cm^-1 and in the absorption areas 1217-1030 cm^-1 the group R-N(R)₂ (Fig 2).

Figure 2. IR spectrum indicators of ionites obtained in the experiment

In the course of practical experiments, ionites was obtained, which forms a complex compound in the presence of orthophosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and polyethylene polyamine. The method of infrared spectroscopy was used to study the composition and location of the functional groups of the obtained ionite. The analysis of the performed indicators of infrared spectroscopy shows that the ionite content obtained in the experiment contains the corresponding functional groups.

Conclusion. Thus, the process of obtaining ionites forming a complex compound as a result of a chemical reaction occurring between orthophosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and polyethylene polyamine has been scientifically proven in practical experiments. In subsequent studies, the formation analysis of  complex compounds and the sorbing properties of the ionite in question is considered appropriate.

References:

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