RELEVANCE OF THE USE OF FERROUS ALLOYS FOR MELTING HIGH-QUALITY STEEL FROM POOR IRON-TITANIUM-VANADIUM ORES

ABSTRACT

The article discusses a characteristic feature of modern metallurgy and the mineralogical composition of poor iron-titanium-vanadium ores of the Tebinbulak deposit for smelting high-quality steel. For this study, an average representative sample of the ore was worked out. The results obtained show that the use of such ores will increase the productivity of high-quality steel.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье рассмотрены характерной особенностьи современной металлургии и минералогический состав бедных железо-титано-ванадиевых руд месторождения Тебинбулака для выплавке качественной стали. Для проведения этого исследования была отработана среднее представительная пробы руды. Полученные результаты показывает, что использование таких руд позволит повысить производительность качественной стали.

Ключевые слова: сталь, свойства, обогащения, руда, крупность, концентрат, плотность, состав, плавкость, минерал, магнетит.

Keywords: steel, properties, beneficiation, ore, size, concentrate, density, composition, fusibility, mineral, magnetite.

INTRODUCTION. A characteristic feature of modern metallurgy is the fact that the quality of the currently mined metals is unsuitable for the direct production of metals from them, and their processing is economically unprofitable without preliminary enrichment. When enriching the resulting concentrates with a high content of the valuable component, the volume of the material subjected to metallurgical smelting is significantly reduced [1].

The development of enrichment technology significantly expanded the raw material base of the industry, made it possible to involve new deposits of ferrous and non-ferrous metals in active reserves. Currently, concentration processes play a primary role, and in the use of ore raw materials, in the production of almost all types of metals [2].

Modern processing plants process millions of tons of minerals every year. Every year, the enrichment technique is being improved, new technological schemes, new more productive equipment are being created, new types of minerals are being mastered and the extraction of valuable components from them is increased [3].

THE RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH OBJECT METHODOLOGY. The ores of the Tebinbulak deposit are disseminated (prevailing at 97%), densely disseminated and massive. The main ore mineral is titanomagnetite, which consists of magnetite with thin lamellar ilmenite injections. Hematite is also present. Both ores and barren pyrrhotites with pyrite-chalcopyrite mineralization contain native gold and platinum, as well as gold tellurides, sulfides and platinum arsenides. In terms of the average content of the main components (Fe - 16.2%, TiO2-2%, and vanadium pentoxide - 0.15%), the Tebinbulak ore is similar to the Ural - Kachkanarsky (Russia), from which they differ only by a 1.5-fold increase in the content titanium dioxide.

For research, the average representative sample of ore was worked out, the composition of which for the main components is presented above.

The conducted mineralogical analysis showed that washing by washing is not suitable for this ore [4].

Taking into account the difference in specific gravity of useful materials and waste rock and rather large dissemination of ore particles, the study of the possibility of gravity concentration. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory concentration table. The size of the original ore varied from 1 to 0.1 mm.

Experiments with enrichment on a concentration table did not give positive results. No tailings were received. A large amount of iron and titanium is lost in the tailings and slags, apparently due to the iron-titanium-containing minerals of the gangue. It follows from the above data that the enrichment of the studied ore by concentration on steels is not effective.

The possibility of enriching the original ore by wet magnetic separation was investigated. The size of the original ore ranges from -1 to -0.074 mm. The strength of the magnetic field was taken from 600% to 1200 oersted. With a magnetic field direction of 900 oersted. With a magnetic field of 900 oersted, the concentrate yield was only 9.15%. The results of experiments carried out at other magnetic field strengths show that this ore is not amenable to enrichment by the method of wet magnetite separation with satisfactory technical and economic indicators. Regardless of the size of the starting material, the number of cleanings of the concentrate and the strength of the magnetic field, a rather low concentration of iron and titanium dioxide in the concentrate is observed. In the best experiments, the concentrate contains 31, 37% Fe with a yield of about 15%. The work provides data on the studies carried out on the magnetic enrichment of this type of ore at the Institute of Mineral Resources of the Ministry of Geology of Uzbekistan and the Uralmekhanobr Institute (Russia). At the same time, iron-vanadium concentrates were obtained, with an iron content of 63.8%, and titanium dioxide (4.6%), vanadium pentoxide (0.6%). Titanium magnetite concentrate contains an insignificant amount of sulfur (0.018%), therefore, during metallurgical processing, sulfur will not practically affect the quality of the metal [5].

The above data are much better than those obtained in our studies. Most likely, the studies were carried out with different starting materials. The thing is that at the Tebinbulak deposit there are areas with different iron contents. The iron content in them ranges from 16.2 to 65.4%. Apparently, the studies carried out in the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics and Uralmekhanobra were carried out with richer materials than ours. In the work itself, the composition of the source material is not given. In any case, even a concentrate containing more than 60% iron cannot be used without preliminary reduction in the charge of steel-making furnaces.

The possibility of flotation recovery of ilmenite from the original ore was also investigated. A wide variety of reagents and flotation modes have been tested. Reindeer acid, tall oil, oxidized petrolatum, pre-saponified soda, and the cationic reagent AIP-14 were used as collectors. All these collectors were tested in a wide range of their flow rates and pulp pH values [6].

CONCLUSION. In terms of the implementation of this program, the JSC "Uzmetkombinat" built and put into operation a modern arc steel-making furnace of the "Stove ladle" technology, which made it possible to reduce the time of one melting hour 4 hours to 60 minutes. In order to obtain a high-quality stage, a vacuum unit was put into operation, which made it possible to obtain steels with specified properties and characteristics. Already in 2018, a furnace for the production of ferrosilicon was put into operation, previously importing at high foreign exchange costs. All this taken together allowed the JSC "Uzmetkombinat" to rise to a higher modern level of production.

In this regard, the study of the processes of obtaining high-quality steel from poor iron-titanium-vanadium ores using ferroalloys of local production is very relevant.

References:

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